Medieval buildings found in popular culture tend to have the same look.
Was this, or similar styles popular across most of Europe at the time?
Are their any other examples of well known architectural styles that were used at the time, that are less well known to us today?
Was this style of building actually popular at the time, or has pop culture made it seem like this was the prevailing style?
I must confess that I have ulterior motives with this question, in that I'm into building models of castles and fantasy, and this is the style that pretty much everyone builds in to symbolize the period.
I'm hoping someone can point me in the right direction, so I can brings a new style the next time I build.
I assume that with "Medieval" you mean the second half of the so called medieval period (476-1492 in Western Europe), say, XII-XV century?
Anyway, it's hard to give a simple answer to your question. Depending on the specific area you would see pretty diverse architectures. The whole "timber framed" buildings were possibly a thing in central and northern Europe, but not anywhere.
I'll try to give a different example. I live in Italy and you wouldn't see much of those "timber framed" building here. Without entering into much details, let's just say that the italian peninsula was politically fragmented (like EXTREMELY fragmented, sometimes even INSIDE the same town. The storyline of Romeo and Juliet is actually a simple yet neat example of that).
Each town had its own important wealthy families, many being involved in military affairs and those families would have lived in so called tower-houses, and in other buildings built around them for other members of the larger family. The skyline of an italian medieval city would have been filled with those towerhouses. In Pisa, a regulation was written to having them NOT topping the height of 21 meters* . Later, many of those towerhouses were united into bigger buildings, and you wouldn't notice them too much today as you probably would have back then. You can use the town of San Gimignano as a possible example of how it could have looked like. Just imagine wooden closed balconies attached.
In general, I suggest you to research areas like southern France, Italy and Spain, especially original manuscripts or frescoes. I cannot refrain to to post Ambrogio Lorenzetti's "Allegoria del buon governo"(1338 ca.) where you will see a variety of buildings, including tower houses and even the balconies I've mentioned. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Ambrogio_Lorenzetti_Allegory_of_Good_Govt.jpg/1920px-Ambrogio_Lorenzetti_Allegory_of_Good_Govt.jpg If you need further references, just ask, and I'll try to provide them.
Sources:
*[the so called "Lodo delle Torri", written in the late XI century by bishop Dagobert of Pisa, later appointed as patriarch of Jerusalem.]
Jean-Claude Maire Vigueur, Cavaliers et citoyens. Guerre et société dans l'Italie communale, XIIe-XIIIe siècles, , Paris : EHESS (collection Civilisations et sociétés), 2003.
(I've read the italian version of it, Cavalieri e cittadini, guerra e società nell'Italia comunale, XII-XIII secolo, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2004)
Emilio Tolaini, Forma Pisarum, problemi e ricerche per una storia urbanistica della città di Pisa, Nistri Lischi, Pisa.
Yeah, there are some problems with the house in the link, which is typical of what I've seen in games..that outside stone stair..that's a lot of stone to haul, just so somebody can get at the second floor without getting past the locked front door on the first floor. . Why have it outside? A stair would be inside, and made of wood.
I could spend some more space getting really snarky on the subject. But I would recommend you just spend some time looking at real things, because there was a variety of vernacular architecture ( as opposed to things like castles and cathedrals), and there are a lot of places to look at it now.. Search for Pieter Breughel the Elder, and you'll find plenty of pictures of medieval thatched Flemish houses- they had wood and bricks. Look at some photos of old villages in Provence , where wood was less plentiful, and you'll see how villagers would cluster their stone houses together, give them tile roofs. ( And note the presence of walls: farms would have walls, villages would have walls and would perch on hills that were easier to defend. This as not a time in history where you could call for the police. ) You can also find plenty of places where there's architectural detail of old buildings, where you can see how old structures would be built.. And there are books, like Eric Mercer's English Vernacular Houses.