I tried to find primary sources that describe what goods and foods would a European find in Istanbul in the 16th century, but descriptions of the city are more focused on the old churches and new mosques than on the marketplaces. I am a teacher and want to help my students imagine the atmosphere of smells, flavours, and movements of the everyday life in one of the largest trading centres of the period. If you could recommend primary sources (I can sort of manage with sources in English, French, Italian, Latin, Spanish or Portuguese -sadly, I can't read Turkish-) I would be really grateful.
I am out of home now, but I can give you some sources from memory: in Spanish, the most interesting one is the novel Viaje de Turquía (anonymous, but likely written by Francisco López de Gómara), where although the characters are ficticious, the settings are actually accurate. Some other interesting authors are Teodoro Spandugino, and Giovanni Antonio Menavino. Consider also the Voyage au Levant, by Pierre Belon du Mans.
All of these works were written in the mid-XVI century.