For a very old narrative description there is this passage of the Icaromenippus by Lucian (2d century CE). The main character travels to the moon and meet the philosopher Empedocles'who loves on a crater there. Since he has no clear idea of the way continent looks he only identifies the earth thanks to... the Colossus of Rhodes and the Pharus of Alexandria (the hellenistic counterparts to chinese walls).

Imagine yourself first descrying a tiny Earth, far smaller than the Moon looks; on turning my eyes down, I could not think for some time what had become of our mighty mountains and vast sea. If I had not caught sight of the Colossus of Rhodes and the Pharus tower, I assure you I should never have made out the Earth at all. But their height and projection, with the faint shimmer of Ocean in the sun, showed me it must be the Earth I was looking at.

Lucian is also the writer of one of the earliest space story, The True Story. Although it does feature space travel as well (and space war) the earth is not as fully described.