The Chicxulub impact crater? No, because the crater is not visible on the surface of Yucatan. It was only discovered in the late twentieth century using modern boring techniques, which recovered mineral deposits indicative of an impact, and by using elaborate gravity scans. It took decades for this data to be gathered and widely accepted by the scientific community. As far as astronomy goes, yes, the Maya world was one of the preeminent sites of astronomy and celestial knowledge anywhere in the world for centuries, and at least some groups probably have had some concept of meteorites and comets, but they would not have understood them as physical objects that could impact the earth and cause impact craters and mass extinctions.

However, Maya life was inadvertently shaped by the crater. There are no rivers in northern Yucatan; rainwater is quickly absorbed into the Peninsula's limestone bedrock. This groundwater flows slightly around the crater, and over time, this caused the water to eat away the limestone, creating underground caverns that occasionally collapse, forming a sinkhole, known as a ts'ono'ot, which was then Spanishized into cenote.

It is around these underground caverns and cenotes filled with fresh water that Maya towns and cities thrived. Some were used for quotidian purposes like supplying settlements with water, in addition to wells and sophisticated human-made surface water management systems. They were also places with important sacred sites filled with religious meaning. Caves were portals to other planes of existence, notably Xibalba, the underworld (e.g. caves are noted in origin stories like the Popol Vuh). Over the centuries, they were important places to interact with the deities of death, rain, and fertility. Shrines and sites of worship were often constructed near or in the cenotes. Mayas left thousands of offerings in certain sacred cenotes, including valuable objects like cloth, jars, copal incense, religious figurines, earthenware dishes, and even human and animal remains.

Many of the most powerful precontact cities had cenotes near their sacred centers (Ek' Balam, Chichen, Mayapan), and had nearby pyramids associated with these sacred sites. The cenote at Chichen Itza is the most famous, especially because of the huge amounts of sacrificial offerings deposited in it, including human remains. Even the little pueblo of Chicxulub has a small cenote, though the town is not directly in the ring of cenotes caused by the crater itself. Dominating these sacred sites proved a key component of Maya political power throughout the precontact period, and the Spaniards quickly recognized the importance of cenotes as both quotidian water sources and as sites of Maya religious and political power. With the help of local Mayas, Franciscan friars and secular priests constructed churches and convents over many cenotes and caves, which reinscribed them with Christian sacredness, while at the same time reinforcing the idea for Mayas that cenotes were sacred sites in general. So in a way, the Chicxulub impact and its resulting cenotes were active players in northwestern Yucatan that shaped Maya history throughout the precontact and colonial periods.