Was Margaret Thatcher a feminist icon in the UK during the 80s since she was the first woman to be prime minister?

Were the mamluks, especially those of Egypt, treated as slaves? or did the name just indicate their origin? How well/worse were they treated from the general public?

Did Napoleon's ancestry as a minor nobleman help the crowned heads of Europe accept his claim as Emperor of the French & monarch in his own right vs if he was a peasant-turned-soldier?

Was he seen by the European nobles/royals as "one of us" from the get-go?

Is there any educated guess out there as to what Joan of Arc might have said to Charles VII to convince him to accept her?

Has the catholic church ever "closed" before like it is now? i.e. no public mass/procession/blessing of food for Easter.

I had a course on medieval literature where one of the things I discovered was 1600's people could comprehend the idea of a robot and sometimes enjoyed using them as characters in stories (a notable example being the bronze horse in the Canterbury Tales).

Actual invention aside, how old are fictional robots, as in "mechanical devices who may or may not be fully self-aware?" (Think C-3PO, not a clockwork arm picking up a box). Who invented them? When did something we might call sci-fi get popular for the first time?

What are some good books about the Solidarity Movement in Poland? I'm curious in both mainline academic accounts, but also if there are any left-wing/revisionist works I would be interested in that too (I hear references from older members of my family to the 'hijacking' of the movement by neoliberalizers, and would like to evaluate the claims for myself). I have been reading Leszek Kolakowski's works recently and would be very interested to see their relationship with reality. What has been the historiography of these events since the 1980s & 1990s?

Thank you very much.

What was the invasion that failed due to a pandemic?

I remember a long while back reading about a war in which one side thought that they had a perfect opportunity to invade while their enemy was suffering from some form of disease, but the invasion ultimately failed due to all the invading soldiers themselves catching and dying from the disease.

I hope I haven't imagined this, but can anyone tell me the name of the war/ sides? I suspect there was more to it than this!

Given people seem to have worn their hats indoors more often, when did people in the 16th century see as the appropriate time to remove them? What was the etiquette? Ditto cloaks.

During Soviet Russia what were the five biggest events that led to the formulation of the Soviet Union?

From what era (time and location) is this helmet?

I found it in a vintage store in Switzerland.

Julius Caesar had 23 body cuts on him. Does anyone know where could I find sort of a body map, to see where exactly the cuts had been?

Is Daniel Defoe's A Journal of the Plague Year (1722) intended as a factual report (perhaps of the observations of Defoe's uncle)? Wikipedia says people initially took it as fact, but after a few decades saw it as fictional. Views have varied since then, including among Defoe's biographers.

Does anyone have a recommended biography of Éamon de Valera? There seems to be a few around, and I wasn't sure if one stood out as being the best.

I know that in the Bundeswehr (Germanys currrent Army) you have to take your stiff arm to the temple. But how did the Wehrmacht salute because they did it differently. Was there a protocol or something?

I’m working on a TV script that takes place in 1870s Paris. Did the working poor who lived in apartments have mechanical doorbells? I understand that the poorest lived on the top floors, in tiny apartments sometimes on the 6th or 7th floor. But how would someone in those apartments know if they had a visitor down below? Doorbell? Calling from the street? The person could just walk up the stairs? Any help appreciated!!

So, I've been picking my way through the (mostly) excellent History of Imperial China series, enjoying it very much, and very much enjoying the expansion of my knowledge of Chinese history. My reading on China prior to this was secluded to very large compendium books, so some level of detail on specific time periods is exactly what I was looking for.

However, the series focuses on Imperial China. I'm also very interested in the pre-Imperial, semi-historical periods of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States eras. I understand that primary sources are somewhat limited on these periods, but is there any good, academically sourced but more laymen friendly books on these two periods/the Eastern Zhou dynasty? I have a beginner's familiarity here, so I'm looking for something a little more in-depth, like the Imperial China series referenced at the beginning of the post.

Does anyone know the history of the R-value in insulation, and why this measurement was named "R-value" in particular? R-value is scaled so that wood has an R-value of 1 per inch of thickness, so I suspect the "R" stands for relative, as in relative to wood (although perhaps wood having a value of 1 is just a coincidence). So a type of insulation with an R-value of 10 (like 2" XPS foam board) can be considered as equivalent to a 10" thick wooden wall.

Google seems to just return explanations of how the R-value is calculated and what it means, nothing about where it came from and who formulated it.

The Aq Qoyunlu and Kara Koyunlu are regularly identified in sources as 'white sheep turkomans' and 'black sheep turkomans'. Why?

Are there forms of nationalism or is it types of nationalism?

How much of the Shahnameh can be considered historical versus mythical?

Were cars affordable/accessible to "common" people in east Europe during the 1920's?

Why was Antioch important for the first crusade?

I am looking to see if there is a name for Atropo's "abhorred Shears" other than that. I am aware of the balisong so it is likely Atropo's shears or other simple names but just confirming there isn't a truly interesting name attached to the item.

I can't seem to find an answer to my question. When exactly was the House of Wisdom built? All I can find is that is was built during Harun Al Rashid's rule.

So I am doing an essay on white settler colonies and the British Empire.

Did settlers consciously know that their diseases would kill off indigenous populations? Or did they assume that Australia and the New World would not have a significant population?

If I want to read about Panama's pre-colonial history, what would be a good source to start? What about history for its time as a Spanish colony?

In particular books would be nice but I'd take other stuff, I just want to start attempting my own look into it.

I'm trying to write a short story set in the Victorian era and I was wondering how much would a standard room in an Inn cost during the Victorian era? Would this be the correct place to ask? Thanks for any help!

Does anyone know when and where the mnemonic “Divorced beheaded survived divorced beheaded survived” (for Henry VIII’s six wives) originated? I’m an amateur Tudor historian and have been trying to find the answer, but haven’t had any luck so far. I’ve asked a few fellow Tudor historians and podcasters but no one seems to know, and google and Jstor haven’t given me any leads to follow.

Good reads about the constitution, founding fathers biographies and what influenced the founding fathers when writing the constitution please.

WW1 NZEF units A.W.R. and N.I.E. I can't figure out what they are abbreviations for.

I’m quite interested in American History at the turn of the 20th Century prior to WW1, would anyone be able to recommend a good book focusing on this period ?

Can anyone give recommendations for recent and still active academic journals concerning Russian revolution and the civil war?

Why is every damn answer being deleted?