I understand it's a surfactant and helps physically clean things, but surely there were alternatives with a much more straightforward production process. Soap seems like such an oddly specific substance, yet it appears many civilizations independently settled on its wide use. Furthermore, the fact that it also has fantastic antimicrobial properties must count as one of the most serendipitous coincidences for public health.
Because you don't need germ theory to understand hygiene and general cleanliness. Some reading I dug up for you: