What did they use diving bells for in ancient times?

by GSV_No_Fixed_Abode

I was super surprised to read that diving bells were used in ancient Greek times, and even Aristotle made a mention of them.

What were they being used for? Just to take a look around? The wikipedia article only has brief mention of the earliest use of diving bells, are there any books you'd recommend for me to learn more?

wTVd0

For sponge fishing, if at all.

It's important to understand that Problemata (the work that metions sponge fishing) is often attributed to Aristotle but didn't appear in a compiled form until the Middle Ages or early Renaissance. People were complaining that they were "corrupt and incorrect" in the 14th century!

This is a book of questions and answers. Many of the questions are health related and broadly are of the sort that you will still find being asked to this very day on Yahoo Answers or Q & A subreddits to this day. E.g.: "Why does the sun make long shadows as it rises and sets, and shorter when it is high in the heavens, and shortest of all at midday?", "Why is it that those who are drunk are incapable of having sexual intercourse"?

A good one is: "Why is it that some men spend their time in pursuits which they have chosen, though these are sometimes mean, rather than in more honourable professions ? Why, for example, should a man who chooses to be a conjurer or an actor or a piper prefer these callings to that of an astronomer or an orator?" - did your parents ever ask you something along these lines?

Aristotle's name appears on many versions of the book but it's not clear which, if any, of the answers are directly attributable to him, and there are many different versions of the text containing different questions and answers.

OK, so what does "Aristotle" have to say about diving bells?

Why do sponge- divers slit their ears and nostrils? Is it in order that the breath may pass more freely?

For it is by this way that the breath seems to pass out; for it is said that they suffer more from difficulty of breathing by being unable to expel the breath, and they are relieved when they can as it were vomit the breath forth. It is strange, then, that they cannot achieve respiration for the sake of its cooling effect; this appears to be a greater necessity. Is it not quite natural that the strain should be greater when the breath is held, since then they are swollen and distended. But there appears to be a spontaneous passage of the breath outwards; and we must next consider whether breathing inwards is so also. Apparently it is; for they enable the divers to respire equally well by letting down a cauldron; for this does not fill with water, but retains the air, for it is forced down straight into the water; since, if it inclines at all from an upright position, the water flows in.

- Problemata, Book 32 "Problems with the Ears", Forster translation of 1927, from a medieval or Renaissance manuscript

Blair, Ann. 1999. “Authorship in the Popular ‘Problemata Aristotelis.’” Early Science and Medicine 4 (3) (January 1): 189–227 is a good reference on the problems of the Problems.