Why were the outcomes of the French Revolution and American Revolution so drastically different when they were both promoting the same enlightenment philosophies?

by [deleted]

Hi everyone I’m a student and I might possibly be looking into studying history or politics later in life wether for enjoyment or for a career path.

American Revolution It isn’t a stretch to believe that the American Revolution’s direct cause was started by arguably a group of terrorists who would tar and feather tax collectors in New England as well as other violent protests against taxation.

Then after the battles of Lexington and Concord the idea for independence grew into a much larger war with guerrilla fighting and even slightly professional armies led by George Washington and even General Rochambeau who had taught a group of dirty angry colonists how to fight a the world’s most powerful military.

The Product Of The American Revolution The founding father’s were incredibly intelligent men who utilized all of Western Civilization’s philosophy from Ancient Greece to most importantly the political enlightenment. They could draw from Plato’s Ship of State, Locke’s three natural rights, Montesquieu’s Separation of Powers all of these works were at their disposal. My conclusion on the American Revolution is that a bunch of angry drunk bastards from Boston ignited a movement that gave the opportunity for Thomas Paine, Ben Franklin and Alexander Hamilton (my personal favorites) to create the world’s first modern democracy that was designed to stand the test of time... “the American experiment” was successful.

The French Revolution Let me establish that the conditions that led French and American revolutions were strikingly similar which makes it hard to think why two twin revolutions would end up in completely different conclusions.

•King George III’s inability to sign the Olive Branch petition which would let colonists have representation in parliament would have prevented the American Revolution. This is similar to how the French peasantry were unable to be represented properly in the Estate’s General.

•The National Assembly = The continental congress

•The Bourgeois Militia = Continental Army

•Tar and feathering tax collectors = Head’s of French nobility on a pike

•Both England and France were in debt although France’s was much more severe they both raised taxes to pay off the 7 years war.

•The most important similarity both wanted the same things. French peasants famously wanted ”Liberté, égalité, fraternité” Liberty, equality and fraternity while the Americans of course wanted No Taxation without representation and Give me liberty or give me death. I shouldn’t even have to explain how the American Revolution helped inspire the French Revolution and how they were both fighting for Enlightenment ideals.

•Thomas Paine and Lafayette both left the Colonies and advocated for the same things they had fought for in the United States.

Aftermath of the French Revolution So how was it that a revolution marketing itself as freedom from oppression and equality for all toppled over into the reign of terror? Why did the French people who hated tyrants let Napoleon who literally was proclaimed the heir to the Roman Emperor able to gain power?

conclusion The French and American Revolutions are perfect science experiments. In a science experiment you must test a variable on two same groups. In this case why was the variable: a revolution against a tyrant fueled by enlightenment ideals that was tested in two countries with the same conditions end up have incredibly different results?

Thanks so much for reading all of this I tried keeping it short. I appreciate all of you taking time out of your day to answer this.

MySkinsRedditAcct

Hello!

I would like to start off by saying it's important to keep in mind that perhaps what you've been taught or have learned is a very simplified version, and perhaps incorrect in places, so keep an open mind that most of what you present as fact is certainly not true, and I think that'll go a long way towards allaying some of your confusion.

I'd also like to touch on this idea: "The French and American Revolutions are perfect science experiments. In a science experiment you must test a variable on two same groups"

This will never happen, and has never happened in history. You are never going to have events that have the same variables and the same outcomes. It's very important to keep in mind if you're interesting in studying history that while it's interesting to compare events, these are peoples with vastly different situations and vastly different reasons for having something happen. History is made by humans, who act upon their free will and are therefore entirely unpredictable. If you're interested in further learning about historiography I'd highly recommend Gaddis's The Landscape of History.

Onto your questions, to be blunt the American Revolution and the French Revolution have very little in common, and most of the connections you made are not true (ex. the Continental Army and the 'bougeois militia' by which I think you mean the National Guard). The French Revolution also was emphatically not about the peasants vs. a tyrant.

I have written quite a bit on the French Revolution, and I think some of my past posts would show where you've maybe been taught some incorrect assumptions. I'll link my full profile, but let me highlight some of my answers which are most relevant to getting you on your way:

Here is one where I answered a similar question about the US Revolution vs. French:
To what extent did the US Revolution actually influence the French Revolution (if at all)?

And here are some that will allay your misconceptions on the French Revolution:

Were there members of the nobility during the French Revolution who believed they... kind of deserved it?

The French Revolution is often considered chaotic and destructive. But was it? Would I, a French citizen, be afraid that Jacobins or Royalists were going to burst through my door?

Considering that one of the reasons why the French Revolution happened was to end the French Oligarchy, how come the French later accepted Napoleon as their new emperor of France?

Was the French Revolution a net positive for the peasantry?

What were the goals of moderates during the French Revolution? Were there many members of the nobility that opposed the current regime but did not seek to abolish the monarchy?

Here is a link to all of my previous answers:
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/profiles/myskinsredditacct

I'd highly encourage you to read over some of those if you're interested in the subject, and I would be happy to answer any more questions that you may have!