There was an Islamic presence in what is now Spain for nearly 800 years, but it's important to note that Muslim power and dominance fluctuated greatly during the period.
After its conquest in 711 it was the most distant province of the Umayyad Caliphate that stretched all the way to parts of modern Afghanistan; after the fall of the caliphate in 750 it's telling that the survivors of the Umayyad dynasty fled to Spain. At this time, it was not a great center of the Islamic world; but rather a backwater.
The period at the end of the 10th century is generally considered to be the cultural and political high point of the Caliphate of Cordoba but it ended after a series of coups ended the caliphate. What had previously been a single political entity had turned into numerous warring smaller states, and a lot of territory was lost to the Christian Kingdoms in the North.
The period between the 11th century and mid-12th century is nevertheless generally considered the cultural zenith is Islamic Spain as the many Muslim states vying for prestige and power encouraged competition among each other. It did not last particularly long though, as the Almoravid dynasty eventually invaded Spain from Morocco and stabilized the situation, soon followed by the Almohads. After 1248 the Christian kingdoms reduced Islamic power in Spain to a fraction of what it had been, which would be the state of things until the fall of Granada some 250 years later.
This leaves two periods in which Islamic Spain was at its most powerful/influential;
How did it compare to the rest of the Islamic world at these times?
Period 1 saw the expansion of the Fatimid Caliphate, which would eventually control much of North Africa, Egypt and the Levant; thereby challenging the Abbasid Caliphate. Militarily speaking, Islamic Spain was not the preeminent Muslim state during this period. Culturally and scientifically, the focal point of the Islamic world remained in Iraq and western Iran. Innovations spread slowly and usually from the East to West. The use of paper for example, was already known in Bagdad around the 8th century, whereas it would make its way to Muslim Spain only by the 10th century.
During period 2, Muslim Spain was militarily insignificant, which explains its subsequent conquest by North African dynasties; but culturally it produced noted figures; chief among them the scholar Averroes. However, Averroes (as with many of Muslim Spains scholarly figures) had a limited impact on the Islamic world, his influence was mainly felt in (christian) Western Europe.
So in conclusion: no, while remarkable in and of itself, Muslim Spain did not eclips the Islamic centers in the Middle East or Northern Africa in any significant way.
Had Muslim Spain succeeded in warding off the Christian campaigns of the 13th century, it could have turned out differently though; as the Middle Eastern centers were destroyed by the Mongol Invasions 1250-1300. Following the destruction of the Middle East, Turkey would eventually emerge as the new main center of the Islamic world; eventually expanding over much of North Africa. Had Muslim Spain survived, it might have expanded towards the East and could have become the new (or one of two) major centers of Islamic culture.