This was in the WW2 memoirs of a serving family member. What is the leaflet relating to? A particular military operation?

by sawyersnizzard

https://imgur.com/a/9lk0DV5

Would I be better off asking in a language translation sub?

I would like to know specifically what military move this is relating to. What date roughly did the Axis forces make the move depicted?

Was Tunisia German occupied? Who challenged them? The British?

white_light-king

"Here is the Bridgehead, But, where is the Bridge?" -- Allied Propaganda Leaflet

The Italians colonized Libya, a country in North Africa between Tunisia and Egypt starting in 1911. When Italy entered world war two in 1940, they launched an invasion attempt of British controlled Egypt from Libya. This begin the war in North Africa. German troops arrived in February of 1941 to support the Italians who could not handle the British alone.

In November of 1942, American troops landed in Algeria, which was a French colony under the control of the Vichy regime. Quickly, they caused the French troops in Algeria to switch sides and re-enter the war against the Axis. The American and Free French forces in Algeria pushing east towards Tunisia threatened the supply lines of the German and Italian forces in Libya. As a reaction to the invasion, Germany rushed forces by air and sea into Tunisia, which was also controlled by the Vichy French and thus still more or less on the Axis side. The British armies in Egypt pushed the Axis forces in Libya back into a narrow perimeter in Tunisia, which became the last Bridgehead of the Axis in Africa.

As the Allied industrial might began to tell in World War two, and the Air and Naval bases of the allies pushed closer to Tunisia, the Axis lost control of the air and sea between Tunisia and Italy. The troops in Tunisia were isolated in a "bridgehead" with no bridge. With their supplies cut off, the Axis troops were forced to surrender in May 1943 after their perimeter was breached by the multinational Allied ground forces.

What this leaflet shows is the Axis perimeter at the end of the Tunisia campaign. The Arrows show allied attacks. The circle shows the encirclement by the allied forces. The dotted line shows how far away the nearest friendly port was, and the ships and aircraft show how allied air and naval units were cutting that supply line. The slogan "Here is the bridgehead, but where is the bridge?" is meant to make the German soldiers feel that their fight was hopeless and their surrender inevitable.

Edit: you'll have to get a translation of the full pitch on the backside elsewhere. My german's pretty rudimentary.

Noble_Devil_Boruta

In addition to what have been already said of the contents and meaning of this leaflet, I'd like to present its origin.

This is a leaflet created and disseminated by the Psychological Warfare Branch at Allied Forces Headquarters (PWB/AFHQ), an Anglo-American organization formed before the Operation Torch that ended with the successful arrival of the American troops to the northwest Africa and commanded by an American Brigadier-General Robert McClure. The leaflet itself is credited to British Captain Con Douglas Walter O'Neill, initially from Political Warfare Executive, then transferred to the HQ of the 5th Corps of British North African Force. At the time, O'Neill was an military intelligence agent who led an extensive psychological warfare efforts in North Africa and was already famous as the chief interrogator of Rudolf Hess after the latter's flight to Scotland in 1941. It is very possible that the leaflet has been drawn by him personally, as in one of his letters from 1943 he claims that he is essentially working alone and when he needed a map for one of the leaflets, it turned out that he is the only person around who can draw it properly.

And interesting thing is that O'Neill considered the artillery to be the best way of leaflet delivery (using the specially modified 25-pdr smoke shell able to house 400 4.5" x 7" leaflets). and this one could have been delivered in this exact way. Of course, other channels, including aerial drops, foot patrols and agents, but the shells, despite damaging some part of the payload, were considered most accurate as they could have been fired precisely towards the German positions.