At the time of the French revolution and Napoleonic period, Royal navy ships were very often named after Greek and Roman heros. The hundreds of captured French ships were often not renamed. I.E HMS Magnamine, HMS Modeste. Was this based on superstition that a ship should rarely be renamed or was there a certain amount of "hey! We took your ship", at the time?
It was considered unlucky to rename ships, so for the most part captured French ships kept their own names. Some of those ships actually became distinguished enough that the RN started using French names for ships that it built at home. A good example of this is probably HMS Temeraire, the 1798 version of which became quite famous after Trafalgar.
There have actually been multiple ships in the RN named Temeraire, including two at the same time (the one in the image above, and a six-gun cutter captured in the Mediterranean in 1795, which kept its name until 1803 when it was broken up). The last ship of the name was laid down in 1939, but there have been two shore installations named HMS Temeraire, including the current HMS Temeraire which is the Directorate of Naval Physical Training and Sport at Portsmouth.
A ship that was actually renamed twice was HMS Hermione, which I wrote about more here -- the sailors on that ship mutinied and sailed the ship into Puerto Caballo, turning it over to the Spanish. After boats from HMS Surprise (yes, that HMS Surprise) recaptured the Hermione, it was renamed Retaliation and later Retribution.
