Despite centuries of enduring Spanish colonial rule (and the adoption of Spanish naming customs) in the Philippines, Tagalog remains the primary language and very few people speak Spanish today. What made the Philippines different from Spanish America, where Spanish supplanted virtually all indigenous languages and remains the primary language of communication for most people?
Mainly because the Spaniards didn't deal with us Filipinos the same way they did their closer colonies. More can always be said on the matter, so any further input is welcome; for the meantime, u/KippyPowers has examined the language issue, and also has a further examination on how it went down.