How come ancient Greeks had goddesses instead of gods regarding some manly occupations, such as Athena being the goddess of Strategy and war ?

While more can be said, this post from a couple months ago features older answers from /u/mythoplokos and /u/JoshoBrouwers, and a new response from /u/UndercoverClassicist:

Several ancient polytheistic religions (like in Greece or Egypt) included female deities responsible for areas, that were traditionally men's jobs in the respective cultures (warfare, hunting, etc). How did deities like Athena for instance come to be?