I am googling for a half hour but about this question I found only answer that the Cyrus the great destroyed the Babylon. But this is not true for sure(because Alexander the great reconquers it after 2 centuries) And what I wonder is that after which period of time or what events caused that Babylon is ruined and inhabited today?
This is my first post here, hope I am clear enough. Thanks in advance
Babylon died, not with a bang, but with a whimper. Babylon is referenced as a location as late as the 12th century CE, but it's not clear if there was actually still a town on the site going by the name, or if it was a reference to the general region, or possibly to Baghdad. Slightly earlier Arabic literature refers to it as a place where they still baked mud bricks for construction. That gives the impression that it did remain inhabited into the medieval period, or the name at least remained in use for a location in the same region. By the 17th century, Europeans travelling in the are only referenced ruins and clay bricks. So Babylon was completely abandoned somewhere between 1000-1600 CE, approximately.
But obviously, it had been a shadow of its former self for a long time by the medieval era. I've written more about that here.