Having a queen doesn't make a society a matriarchy. The medieval and Early Modern European countries you're thinking of that were at one point ruled by queens were still patriarchal. "Patriarchy" doesn't actually mean that only men are in charge of anything - it means that the overall structure of the society gives men in general power over women in general. Even when ruled by queens, it was typical for people historically to, for instance, give their daughters less education than their sons.

I have a few related answers on this:

Mary Tudor was the first queen regent of England. Was this noted at the time? Was there any significant reaction, positive or negative, to having a solo female ruler?

Did ruling Queens in historical Europe face gender discrimination?

How were Female rulers Like Catherine the Great and Queen Victoria seen as capable of ruling when women in those days were thought of as lesser than men.