I wrote an answer that touches on a similar question that might be worth checking out.

The long and short is no, though. The industrial facilities that were evacuated were above all else military facilities specifically needed for the war effort, rather than industries in any larger sense. They were moved to industrial regions like Sverdlovsk or Kuzbass that had begun to develop starting with the First Five Year Plan, and most of these evacuated facilities were returned to their original locations after the war.

In a broader context, while the Soviet Union did much to try to develop and settle the country east of the Urals even at its end the population was predominantly located west of the Urals. For reference, the city of Ufa is just west of the mountain range. With the end of the USSR, a lot of the population has if anything shifted out of Siberia - citizens in remote regions stopped receiving a salary bonus for these postings, "rust belt" industrial areas have lost population, as well as cities set up for military industries and research. This has been partially offset in the region by areas with oil, gas, and mining industries.