I just heard that Les Miserablés (I've never seen it) is set in the "June Rebellion" in 1830, not in the French Revolution, and it was against a monarchy. Wasn't the monarchy abolished decades earlier in the Revolution? Why was there another?
The Monarchy was restored after Napoleon’s defeats in 1814 and 1815. Louis XVIII became king, it’s the Restauration. Then Charles X succeeded to him. And was replaced by Louis-Philippe the first in 1830, it’s the July Monarchy (« Monarchie de Juillet » in french). The Monarchy ended in 1848 when the Second Republic was proclaimed. Then Napoleon’s nephew, Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte become president of the Republic after being elected in 1848. He did a coup d’Etat in 1852 and proclaim the Second Empire. After the fall of the Second Empire and the proclamation of the Third Republic following the Franco-Prussian war in 1870/1871, a monarchic National Assembly was elected. But the proposed monarch didn’t wanted the blue, white and red flag, so it failled. And the monarchists never got a majority again. All of that is simplied, summarised off course