How were Soviet computers programmed? Did the Soviet Union have their own “communist programming languages” and a soviet ASCII? Did they create an alternative “Soviet FORTRAN/C/ASSEMBLY”?

by phi_array

This question also applies to communist or countries in the communist block under soviet influence like east Germany. Did they have a “Communist German FORTRAN” was there a common set of communist tech stacks or standards like in the west? Did they have some sort of communist IBM, MSDOS, DOS, APPLE or TCP/IP?

Edit: I read ALGOL was very common in the very early days, but wasn’t Algol, and by extension most documentation, a western thing? How did it enter the Soviet Union?

physix4

This answer from /u/joshtothemaxx partially replies to the questions and this list of answers by /u/Searocksandtrees may also contain interesting information.