There's a lot of myths and legends about Ann Bonny, famously one of the few female pirates, but what do we REALLY know about her?

by TheHondoGod

Especially, I notice she seems to disappear from the record. What happened to her?

TylerbioRodriguez

I can answer that. She's quite the popular pirate, but the funny thing about pirates, is that we know little about them. Where they came from, life before becoming a pirate. Its all guess work. The famous book General History of the Pyrates tries to explain this stuff, but well, its a problematic source. The author used a fake name Captain Charles Johnson, didn't cite where he was getting info, the book overall isn't really a primary source. The author states information that cannot be verified, and when something can be checked, it rarely holds up.

Anne Bonny suffers from the same problems people like Charles Vane and Blackbeard go through, if not worse. Johnson says she's from Ireland, never gives her parents names, and rambles on about spoons for half the chapter until suddenly she gets married, moves to Nassau, ditches her husband and becomes a pirate. Said chapter was advertised as the big selling point of the book, her name is in bigger font then anyone else's.

Anyway there is a lot of legends about her. General History claims she fought better then any man, fought a British naval vessel for hours alongside fellow female pirate Mary Read before being captured. There's a big trial, they plead quick with child, and that's it. The chapter ends by basically going I don't know whay happened to her, she wasn't executed though.

There's also a ton of added baggage from later authors. That Anne was a lesbian pirate, that she lived until 1789 after her father saved her. That she was a feminist heroine or a proto socialist. Hell a recent documentary on Netflix repeats half of this.

All of that is false, the lesbian angle comes from a trashy 1950s author named John Carlova, the family rescue theory comes from novice historian Tamara Eastman. The feminist angle was first explored in an early Ms Magazine article. Marcus Rediker is the king of making pirates seem to be more like Marx then greedy capitalists.

This is what is definitely known. In September of 1720 Woodes Rogers, governor of Nassau, writes a proclamation that states the pirate John Rackam ran off with a sloop in August from Nassau harbor. He mentions all crew members including an Ann Fulford alias Bonny. Other newspapers mention that there's a female pirate on the loose. On October 22 Rackam is beaten by Jonathan Barnet a legal privateer. They are sent to Jamaica and put on trial. Rackam is hanged on November 18th. Anne Bonny and Mary Read are tried on the 28th. She is called a spinster of New Providence and her name is now Ann Bonny alias Bonn. Ships that were attacked by them describe her as wearing mens clothing while attacking but feminine clothing while off duty. She drinks and swears like men and at one point tried to kill a witness. She is found guilty but pleads she is pregnant. No mention of her ever shows up in court documentation but she is never hanged so she was likely being honest.

That's literally all we know. The lack of hard evidence beyond transcripts and newspapers makes it easy to insert whatever an author wants. After 300 years said assumptions become fact.

I have my own theories. I've found documentation for an Ann Bonny being born in London circa 1690. I also found a burial document in Jamaica for an Ann Bonny dated December 29th 1733. Is this her? Maybe. Her name is all official documents is missing an E. But its not beyond a shadow of a doubt, as are most things with Anne Bonny.

Sources, David Cordingly Beneath the Black Flag.

Colin Woodard, Republic of Pirates.

Neil Rennies, Treasure Neverland.

Captain Charles Johnson, General History of the Pyrates

David Fictum, Anne Bonny and Mary Read, Female Pirates

Tony Bartelme The Myths and Legends of Anne Bonny