By “specialized” I mean anything that would take skill, time, or resources to produce that the average citizen would not be capable of. Referring to things such as jewelry, glass makers, skilled smiths, etc. Would you expect to find, for example, one skilled smith in a moderately sized city, would there be multiple with each specializing in a different thing, etc?
For context, I am trying to figure out what the closest real-world equivalent would be to a magic shop in a fantasy world, how common they would likely be, and what sorts of goods they would sell.
We can assume that more specialized craftsmen would populate a city or town when the economic and social circumstances would have allowed the affordable placement of less common manufactured goods, or at least the possibility of said products to be commercialized on more or less great distances. For example, we can say that a village of a few dozens people would not have much in terms of manufacturing capability or craft specialization. In such a small demographic space we can suppose that the average peasant or denizen would be capable of producing what items he possibly required on a daily basis, for example the production of canisters or weaving simple clothing.
If instead we picture a city of a few thousand inhabitants, let's say from 5000 to 10000, we can hypothesize that several businesses requiring a dedicated market would have been present. First and foremost, I believe, would have been metalworkers, blacksmiths capable not only of producing items such as cutlery, bindings, nails and the like but also more advanced goods such as weapons and armor. This could be due to the presence, in Italy for example, of large portions of urban aristocratic families engaged in a chivalric lifestyle, thus requiring horses and the equipment fitting of mounted combat. Also, we can connect such trades with the availability of materials more easily accessed in a city which would have been a larger trading center than a rural settlement. Some cities, during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, were renowned for the presence of skilled armorers, such as Milan for its suits of plate and apparently Naples for the production of horse protections. The rural village of Agnone, in Lazio, holds a bell foundry allegedly in action since the early XI century.
Another trade we often overlook are bookmakers. Whereas during the Early Middle Ages (V-X century) manuscripts and codexes were produced excusively within the premises of monasteries, from the XII century onwards the production of books appears to shift within the cities like it had during the II century AD. In Italy, for example, this has been connected with the growing amoun of laymen performing studies of various type within both universities (Italy's most ancient still existing university, the Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, was founded approximately in 1088) and the communities of jurists and notaries, especially when these people started studying again the Roman Law, thus requiring an enormous amount of books which could not be met by abbeys alone. In Naples there is a street named San Biagio dei Librai (St. Blaise of the bookmakers), within the medieval core of the city, whose naming cause is still debated but is agreed that it may have signaled either the workplaces of bookmakers or book sellers.
Like you mentioned, jewelcrafting could be found in major centers where people would have been able to afford jewels or at least where their production wasn't as difficult. Once again, in Naples there is a quarter called Borgo Orefici (Goldsmiths' Borough) nearby the coast. According to research made by the current syndicate of goldsmiths and jewellers still working in the same area, it was named thus by the arrival of French jewellers following the Anjou dynasty in the XIII century and subsequently formed into a corporation. However, I'm still double checking this so I beg you to take this piece with a pinch of salt.
Merchants of high and medium status would be found only in cities and large towns. Merchants like the Italians Francesco Datini da Prato (1335-1410), who was apparently the first Italian merchant to make large use of the letter of credit, or the Florentine textiles merchant Dino Compagni (1246/47-1324) who not only wrote a chronicle of the political turmoil of his city but also consul of the Corporation of Wools (someone akin to a CEO) which regulated its trade. Merchant societies and collective investings were made within cities with high commercial interests, such as Genoa, Venice, Amalfi, Florence and could band in associations which could evolve into powerhouses (we can mention the German Hansa). Also and lastly, more often than not these merchants were bankers as well, individuals with great (at times obscene amounts) of wealth which could offer loans and provide capital to fund trade opportunities. Such people were the Strozzi (a surname meaning "to choke", ironically), the Bardi, the Cerchi and the Medici families in Florence during the XIV and XV centuries for example.
To conclude and to point at your context, I believe a bookmaker's workshop or a book or spice merchant's shops could be the equivalent (I almost forgot to mention apothecaries by the way) to a magics shop, as they would provide a rare and costly commodity which productive capability could not be absorbed elsewhere.
I hope this answer can help your inquiry.