I was debating whether this is a better fit for this sub or r/asklinguistics, it seemed like a better fit here.
So if a modern english speaker were to sit down with a founding father (or an american from the same time period), how different would their forms of conversational speech be?
A lot of the documents from that period are a little difficult to read, because they use an older form of english, but I also realize that they were writing formally, and even modern formal writing can be hard to read. Obviously we don't have any recordings from that time period, but do we have any indication of the way they spoke in informal conversation?
You'll probably be mostly fine, though perhaps a little thrown off. "How far back in time could I go and still understand such-and-such language?" questions are fairly popular, and for English you can go at least a few centuries. More can be said about how the English language has and has not changed in the last couple hundred years, if anyone wishes to add more, but in the meantime, here are some older answers you may enjoy: