Somali has many major historical sites that date back to over 20000 years. There a literally too many to list but I’ll try my best. Here we go!

-Laas Geel rock art : believed to date 18000 - 20000 years ago for the oldest art and 9000 years ago for the youngest. Depicts Livestock including Camels (believed to have been domesticated in Somalia) also depicts dogs, wild animals and some of the earliest depictions of humans on Horseback.

Gondershe Citadel: Ajuran Empire era (14th-15th century) Stone Fortress and town located south of Mogadishu.

Masjid al-Qiblatayn:7th century mosque constructed during the time of the Prophet Muhammad. Oldest mosque in Africa. Located in Zeila. Has two “qiblas” meaning the direction of prayer is both Mecca and Jerusalem. This means it was constructed before the prophet made Mecca the sole direction of prayer.

Arba’a-Rukun Mosque: 13th Century mosque located in Mogadishu.

Fakr-ad din Mosque: 10th century Mosque located in Mogadishu.

Amud: 5th century ruined town. 200-300 homes with Temple complex. Unfortunately looted during the Civil War.

Maduna:another ruined city from the Middle Ages (Adal Empire)

Qandala Citadel: fort located in Qandala 17th century.

Taleex Fort complex:fort complex. Famously used by and made capital of Dervish State by Said Hassan: The Mad Mullah who fought the British

Old City of Mogadishu:Also called Xamar Weyne. Oldest part of mogadishu showcasing classic Somali architecture with white coral Stone construction of multi storied homes and palaces. Mostly dates to the sultanate of Mogadishu and Ajuran periods.

Old City of Merca:Former Capital of the Ajuran Empire . another beautiful showcase of Somali architecture with white coral stone homes and mosques.

Old City Of Baraawe:similar to Merca with Coral Stone construction also Dates to Middle Ages.

Baraawe Lighthouse: 17th century lighthouse in Baraawe. Ajuran empire construction.

Adal Sultanate ruins in Zeila:pretty self explanatory with old homes, palaces, tombs and whatnot.

Eyl Castle in Eyl:old fort used most famously by the Mad Mullah I believe.

Almnara Tower: 15th century lighthouse in Mogadishu with nearby old Mosque.

Laas Khorey:old abandoned city with fortress and Palace ruins.

Bosaso Fort and Palace: Medieval fort and Palace.

Hafun:corresponds with ancient city of Opone mentioned by the Greeks. Various ruins dating from the 1st century CE.

Speaking of Ancient Cities: The Ancient City States of Somalia

Mogadishu= Sarapion

Bur Gabo= Nikon

Hafun=Opone

Heis= Mundus

Berbera=Malao

Bosaso= Mosylon

Zeila= Avalites

All these locations are mentioned in the 1st Century CE document the Periplus of the Erythraen Sea. All traded directly with ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Persians, Indians and Romans in ancient times all this is supported by Archaeological Evidence too.

On Hafun ( Opone) in Particular: Chitticks expedition:

“Ancient Egyptian, Roman and Persian Gulf pottery has been recovered from the site by an archaeological team from the University of Michigan. In the 1970s, Neville Chittick, a British archaeologist, initiated the British-Somali expedition where he and his Somali colleagues encountered remains of ancient drystone walls, houses with courtyards, and the location of the old harbour”

These are just a few there is sooo much more to cover. Unfortunately the recent conflict had made Archaeological expeditions difficult and much remains to be uncovered. One thing is certain Somalia is full of history. it’s position of the Red Sea made it a hub for trade as Somali kingdoms and empires rose and fell to take advantage. I’ll continue this in a few hours if you want.

Also there a lot of rock art sites throughout the nation.