I am an Acadien in Maine and am trying to learn more about the KKK crisis against catholic and french people and while researching it came across a group called Les Vigilants also known as P.P.P. or Progrès, Protestation, Punition. I was wondering if anyone here can tell me more about them?

by unusual_sneeuw

title

Georgy_K_Zhukov

I've written here about the KKK and anti-Catholic agitation, as well as attempts by Catholic groups to fight back, but that focused on the Midwest. In some ways the story here is similar. The PPP was founded some time in early 1923 in response to the growing, violent presence of the KKK in New England. Since its arrival, he Klan had involved in terrorizing Catholic and minority communities, and was believed to be behind the torching of several Catholic churches as well.

In this atmosphere, the P.P.P. was formed intending to both protect people from future Klan violence, as well as rain down retribution for acts of Klan violence already perpetrated. The group drew its membership from Francophonic communities in northeast Massachusetts, although they are believed to have included black and Jewish members, groups who also found themselves the target of Klan violence and intimidation. The reporting of its founding in several papers claimed 400 members, but this is hard to substantiate.

The vigilante group organized itself in conscious mockery of the Klan, modeling the organization as a secret society, and even wearing hoods and robes at meetings, although prominently emblazoned with 'P.P.P.' The group was incredibly short lived however. Although several papers, especially in the Francophonic community, carried notices of its founding, its actual activities are not well documented. The most notable was from late January, 1923 where over a dozen P.P.P. members showed up in robes to surround a house in Haverford, MA they believed to be hosting a Klan meeting. They graffitied the building with 'K.K.K.' and threatened to burn it down. The public response was to decry both groups, and there is essentially no record of the P.P.P. after that, although it is unclear whether the P.P.P. disbanded, or if they decided that publicity wasn't a good thing.

This is not to say that the membership stopped fighting back against the Klan, as there is plenty of evidence for that, such as a 1924 Klan rally in Bolton where several hundred protestors showed up to heckle the outnumbered Klansmen, or a meeting in Byfield of nearly 1,000 racists where the arrival of a group of locals with baseball bats required the state police to some and provide protection. Confrontations could get quite violent too, such as a Klan march through Haverhill, saw violent resistance, several gunshot wounds, and the arrest of several dozen from both sides. It is very likely that some of the people involved in these actions were those who had been involved with the P.P.P., but as noted already, we can't really know since the P.P.P. quickly decided that fighting back with a mirror image wasn't the right way.

Source

Richard, Mark Paul. Not a Catholic Nation: The Ku Klux Klan Confronts New England in the 1920s. University of Massachusetts Press, 2015.