Ideally I'd be looking for a book, but a long article or series of articles would also be welcome. Again ideally, it would be a comprehensive treatment of the subject, but I understand it's a big one and recommendations for works narrower in scope (Taoist styles, Southern styles, Hui syles, etc.) would also be appreciated, though anything dealing only with one style or small family of styles would probably be too granular for what I have in mind.
If you're recommending something originally written in Chinese, a preferred translation to English would also be appreciated.
For broad coverage, the following general histories of Chinese martial arts:
Peter A. Lorge, Chinese Martial Arts: From Antiquity to the Twenty-First Century, Cambridge University Press, 2012
Fuhua Huang and Fan Hong (eds), A History of Chinese Martial Arts, Routledge, 2018
include 1 and 2 chapters covering the last century. In both books, the chapters on the Ming and Qing are also relevant as they cover the early evolution of what became the modern styles of unarmed Chinese martial arts. Much of both books focusses more on armed martial arts, because for most of Chinese history they were far more important.
Martial arts history is a tiny academic field, and there is little focussing on the last hundred years of martial arts in China. See, for example, the lack of such works in bibliographies in the two books above. Partly, this is because when one gets down to the level of individual schools, the history is poorly documented. Oral histories covering the last hundred years tend to be more reliable than oral histories supposedly extending into the 19th and 18th century - these oral histories tend to become less plausible and more obviously legendary, and often contradictory, as one goes back further in time. However, a lot of the reliable oral history is just lineages, so-and-so was the student of so-and-so, etc. (which isn't always of much broad historical interest, but there is plenty of room for work on the sociology and anthropology of martial arts). Some good work has been done for the last century for some Japanese and Korean martial arts, but I don't know of anything equivalent for Chinese martial arts.
though anything dealing only with one style or small family of styles would probably be too granular for what I have in mind.
What do you have in mind? It might be possible to recommend something useful if the use is known. For example,
which is about the survival of Chinese martial arts by transitioning from fighting arts to physical education, but has a narrow temporal focus, might or might not useful for you.