In retrospect, this seems like it may have been a better idea than creating Israel in Palestine. Was this idea ever considered? Obviously the Zionist movement wanted a state in the Holy Land, but I wonder if a state in Europe would have satisfied a large portion of European Jews. Given how prevalent anti-semitism was in Europe at the time, I imagine there was some NIMBY sentiments among the victorious powers.
The UK blockaded Palestine against Jewish refugees and detained many of them in Cyprus. France, the Netherlands, Poland, Lithuania and the Like all blocked Jewish Refugees/Survivors from coming out. When the Czechs expelled the Germans after WWII, they also expelled many Czech Jews.
The creation of the Jewish State had Nothing to do with "Guilt" for the plight of the Jews, simply because such "Guilt" never existed. The foundations of the Modern State of Israel were laid long before WW2, as early as the 1800s when many European Jews started moving there, either for religious reasons or to escape Persecution. The UN did not partition Palestine between the Arabs and the Jews out of "Sympathy" for Jews, but to put a stop to increasing violence between both groups that had been happening since the 1910s.
The question is based on a false assumption, that the Jewish State was created out of a sense of "Duty" or "Guilt", but to answer the question. No. The US took the leading role in the West after WW2, as their economy had survived while the previous Leader, Britain, could no longer sustain their empire and had to follow the US's lead. The West, but especially the US and UK, were increasingly worried about the Soviet Threat after the USSR annexed most of Eastern Europe and replaced the Nazi dictatorship with their own. During the Nuremberg Trials, no less than Winston Churchill himself spoke out against the Soviet "Iron Curtain" while visiting the US. The US state Department records make it clear that a key part of opposing the USSR was a strong and rehabilitated Germany, and that economic recovery was high on the US's priority. Given that the Germans already lost half their territory to the USSR, they and the US would obviously not even consider the possibility of having the Germans give up more territory for a Jewish State, since doing so would undermine their goal of having a strong and Stable Germany.
For the USSR, the "Jewish Autonomous Oblast" was an abject failure and many Jews who moved there had been purged. The actor Solomon Mikhoels campaigned for a Jewish State in the Crimea, but Stalin, himself becoming an Antisemite, opposed this and went as far as to have Mikhoels killed, due to Suspecting that he was collaborating with "Zionists". Bottom line, the USSR also felt no "sympathy" for Jews and would never consider giving part of East Germany to them either.
Tl;dr the question is based on a false assumption (Jewish State being created out of Sympathy for Jews) and both Sides of the Iron Curtain felt no such sympathy for Jews, and thus did not create any kind of Jewish State, whether Israel or out of German/Soviet territory for them.
There is always more to be said on a subject, but this answer by myself and /u/gingerkid1234 and others in the thread, discussing why a Jewish state was formed in Israel rather than Europe, may satisfy you somewhat on the question.