Hi All!
We have a family story about an ancestor who supposedly was a conscript in the Napoleonic era. I know a decent amount about him, birthday, place of birth and residence etc.
During the revolutionary and Napoleonic periods, the French became masters at mobilizing men through mass conscription. Millions of men served, but do records exist still? How would one go about searching?
I'm trying to get a picture of what he went through, and if he was anywhere famous? How did the draft process under Napoleon happen? I imagine it took a lot of organization to get SO many men under arms.
Anyway, here's some info on my ancestor to see if maybe the context clues could help my search?
His name was Andreas Schaub. He was born in 1788 in a town called Albersweiler in the Palatinate region of Germany. When Andreas was a child in 1793, the entire region was invaded by France during the Revolutionary wars and Albersweiler (along with most "German" land west of the Rhine river) was directly annexed by France, and organized in Departments and Arrondissements like all of mainland France. Albersweiler became a town in the new "Arrondissement de Mont-Tonnerre". I'm assuming the conscription age to be right around 20, so he maybe entered service in 1808?
Did French military units recruit by location during this period (similar to how the UK did, regiments based on location), or did fresh conscripts get parcelled out to whoever needed bodies most at the given time?
The only other family story we have regarding this fellow is that he was captured at one point by the UK, and they were going to send him to India at one point, until his family paid someone in jewels in order to get him out of it. The trunk these jewels were presented in stayed in the family, and even made their way to America with us (although this chest is in possession of a distant cousins; this family was BIG, my mother has 40 first cousins alone). That tidbit is probably very anecdotal and diluted through multiple retellings ,but maybe there's just enough to help me somehow.
I know this is a really specific question about a really specific guy, but I'd also love to hear about what life was like for a poor conscript being sent god knows where in the huge machine that was Napoleon's Army?
I have an update on this!
First of all, I want to give the upmost credit to u/gerardmenfin for this excellent response (via PM) and it's too good not to share:
Hi
The good news is that the military record of Andreas (André) Schaub has been digitized and made available on the website of the French minister of Defense. The bad news is that the access to the archive seems to be down (or at least unresponsive)...
Numéro de Matricule 6482
Nom SCHAUB
Prénoms André
Prénoms père Adam
Prénoms mère Catherine
Nom mère LADRINE
Lieu de naissance Saint-Jean ?
Département de naissance Mont-Tonnerre ( Allemagne )
Date de naissance 27 juin 1788
Cote / Source SHD/GR 21 YC 70
Note 8e régiment d'infanterie de ligne, 29 octobre 1808-2 mai 1811 (matricules 6 001 à 7 800)
Image : http://www.memoiredeshommes.sga.defense.gouv.fr/fr/ark:/40699/e0052a8db36ee582/52a8db37cd44f
The record should look like this: https://fr.geneawiki.com/index.php?title=Matricules_Napol%C3%A9oniens_1802-1815/Mode_op%C3%A9ratoire
Good luck!
Well, THAT information was everything I needed. He was in the French 8th Infantry Regiment, and served from October 1808 until May 1811.
He was present for the battles of Talavera (The Sharpe series is my all time favorite, so THAT was amazing to learn), Essling, Wagram, and Fuentes D'Onoro.
I also found my answer to the family story! Andreas' last day of service is marked as the 2nd of May, 1811; just one day before the battle of Fuentes D'Onoro. I believe he most likely was captured in the battle, which would explain the family story of his family having to buy him out!
Again, ultimate credit goes to u/gerardmenfin for the amazing help. This has been a personal genealogy search for me. I've looked YEARS for this exact info (where he served, what unit, what battles), and hilariously enough my mistake was that "Andreas" is just the German for Andrew, and since he was a French citizen, would've been marked down as Andre haha.