Voltaire said about Roman and Byzantine history:
"The Turks at least are more sensible: they have conquered, they have enjoyed, and they have written very little."
Did the Ottoman Turks actually not write any histories of themselves? If so, then how do we know so much about the narrative of their state? Does it all come from bureaucratic records, epigraphic evidence, letters of Christians living in the Ottoman Empire, and the like?
"Ottoman historiography started in the midst of 15th century. The early works were given in the types of hagiography (menakıbnâme), epic and gazanâme. Afterwards, the first standardised works started to be written in the name of Tevârih-i Âli-i Osman (Chronicles of the Ottoman House). The first examples of biography and bibliography were written in the 16th century. The good examples of şehname-writing, semi-official court chroniclership, were given. New types of historiography emerged in the 17th and 18th centuries and thereby “vak’anüvislik” as an official court history writing came into existence. New types of sources were added to the Ottoman historiography in the 19th and 20th centuries."
Abdulkadir Özcan
The first standard dates of the Ottoman Empire were written about a century and a half after its establishment. In this case an original Ottoman Empire from the 14th century, the first century of the founding period, to the present it can be said that its history has not passed. The history of this century is based on the works of contemporary Byzantine and Arab travelers and historians such as Pachymeres, Nicephoros, Kantakouzenos and Ibn Battuta, as well as some hagiography and later sources.
There are works called "takvim (calendar)" in which political and natural events are written and calendars have an important place among the date resources for the transfer of establishment. The oldest example was seen in the II. Bayezid period and was written in the time of II. Mehmet, some of them have even survived to the present day.
After the conquest of Constantinople, the first standard world and Ottoman history writing attempts were made. During the reign of Fatih (1451-1481), the main development in historical literature was the beginning of semi official palace historiography, namely "şehnâme-writting". "Şehname" in Ottoman history is the writing of historical events in a literary language. It can be said that the tradition of the "Münşeât mecmuası", the number one source of the history of diplomacy, emerged during the reign of II. Mehmet.
(münşea:t); A magazine of artistic prose or letters (Turkish Language Association)
II. Bayezid was the first sultan to have the Ottoman history officially written. "Vak'a-Nüvis" became an official institution during the reign of Kanun-i Sultan Süleyman (1520-1566) and were tasked with recording the historical events of the sultanate. The first vak'a-Nüvis of the Divan-ı Hümayun is Mustafa Naima. The official historiography of the Ottoman Empire continued until the abolition of the sultanate on 1 November 1922.
i mean private or literary works not written by the state play an important role in illuminating Ottoman history but there have been attempts by the state to officially write history. Before the official institutions used to write history, the sultans asked the literati to write the historical events in a literary language (praising the sultan).
Btw the Turks basically adopted the nomadic lifestyle. This hindered the development of written history culture. Most of the information about Asian Turks is obtained from Chinese sources.