Does anyone specialize in Cosmogony and Theogony? I need help comparing Haitian Mythologies

by elche509

I'm working on a project for my art major about comparing Greek, Mesopotamian and Egyptian mythology to Haitian mythology in terms of cosmogony and theogony. I only need to compare one of these mythologies to Haitian mythology, and I'm struggling to find comparisons in those areas. I already know most about the history and arts, I need help in finding comparisons in Cosmogony and Theogony. If anyone could help me point out a few factors or have any suggestions I would be so grateful!

firedrops

My PhD is in cultural anthropology and I did research with Haitian Vodouisants from Southern Haiti (Northern Haitian Vodou is a little different.) Most academic research is on Southern forms so if I were you I'd make my life easy and focus there. Because it is a living breathing tradition and because it is highly stigmatized and still mostly an oral tradition you won't find the same kind of clear cut family trees of the gods or encyclopedias of spirits the way you do for Greco-Roman mythology. But there are still some good resources.

The best catalog of spirits that I know about is this one: Ackermann, Hans-Wolfgang, Maryse Gautier, and Michel-Ange Momplaisir. Les esprits du vodou haïtien. Educa Vision., 2011. They have over 2,000 spirits but fair warning it is all in French.

Leslie's book is a good resource, too. I disagree with his characterization of Erzulie Freda and Dantor as being the same sub-group but otherwise it's good and probably the closest you'll get to a summary of the main figures (plus it's in English): Desmangles, Leslie G. The faces of the gods: Vodou and Roman Catholicism in Haiti. Univ of North Carolina Press, 2000.

Vodou songs are a form of oral history and also contain a lot of mythology. They might be worth looking at, too, but keep in mind most have tons of double meanings, hidden meanings, stories within stories etc. I'd suggest this book: Hebblethwaite, Benjamin, and Joanne Bartley. Vodou Songs in Haitian Creole and English. Temple University Press, 2012.

There's some good historical analysis because the Vodou pantheon is made up of multiple families. Rada, Petwo, Nago, Ghede, etc. Within each are multiple spirits who are sometimes seen as stand-alone and other times are sub-groups themselves. For example, Ogou is both just Ogou and also a collective of Ogou who range from fierce warrior king to drunkard to old hobbled man. These different families and aspects of spirits reflect historical influences of the many many cultures that were enslaved and forced together in Haiti where they came together to both combine one another's spiritual worlds and create new ones. So you can "read" the history of African spiritual traditions in contemporary practices. (Worth noting there are also snippets of ancient phrases and language preserved in *langage* but that is sacred and secret.) Below are a few history pieces that can help you unpack all of that:

  • Apter, Andrew. "On African origins: creolization and connaissance in Haitian Vodou." American Ethnologist 29.2 (2002): 233-260.
  • Fandrich, Ina J. "Yorùbá influences on Haitian vodou and New Orleans voodoo." Journal of Black Studies 37.5 (2007): 775-791.
  • LINDA M. HEYWOOD. Central Africans and Cultural Transformations in the American Diaspora. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2002. Pp. xv, 384.