There's a lot of good stuff written on the causes of American Revolution. You could broadly say that there have been two perspectives. One is that the revolt was driven by and controlled by a governing elite: people like George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin and the Continental Congress, whose vision steered it to independence, and who then maintained their control until 1800, when party divisions and politics really emerged. Another view is that there were many popular forces pushing things and creating chaos from below: colonists wanting Native lands to the West, Native Nations trying to keep their lands, angry Boston radicals wanting independence, angry Hudson Valley tenant farmers unwilling to help their over-mighty Patriot landlords, escaped slaves seeking refuge with the British Army..... The basic distinction is between scholars who think that the struggle was driven by ideals and ideas, and others who think that it grew out of many exiting social conflicts. For the first view, one of the best texts for a long while has been Gordon Wood's The Creation of the American Republic. For the second view, one of the best is Gary Nash's The Unknown American Revolution: The Unruly Birth of Democracy and the Struggle to Create America. Both are well worth reading: Wood had excellent command of his many sources and wrote well, Nash recounts many many examples of social disorder. Reading both can be a bit puzzling, however, as it's hard for Nash to actually show the mechanics by which these disparate groups interacted to create and/or suppress the revolt, and Wood doesn't say why these disparate groups couldn't somehow affect the fine ideas and polished prose of the Founding Fathers, as well as their armies. For just one book, however, I'd pick John Ferling's A Leap in the Dark. It's also well-written, well-sourced, and it captures as well as anyone could the best of both perspectives.