Beyond differences in equipment, would he still recognize the basic practices, tactics, and structure of the army? Or would it mostly all seem new to him?
From his perspective, would the overall training and discipline of the army appeared to have changed much, and if so, to what extent?
Here's an old post that somewhat covers what your asking, with /u/celebreth discussing the armies of the Principate era, and linking to another answer by /u/Ambarenya about the Dominate era armies, which should be able to give you somewhere to start, if not answer your question directly.
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1pch88/how_did_roman_military_tactics_and_army
Edit to add a direct link to the answer by /u/Ambarenya here https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1n8yrn/the_late_roman_military/ccgj6dm