France was Czechoslovakia's ally and obligated to come to it's defense, along with the Soviet Union which had signed a Treaty in 1935 confirming that they would come to Czechoslovakia's aid as well, but only if France participated. The Munich Conference confirmed that neither Britain nor France would help defend Czechoslovakia, meaning that the Soviet Union was counted out as well. Czechoslovakia just had no allies. Without France it couldn't relieve the pressure from Germany in the west, and without the Soviet Union it couldn't be sure that Poland or Hungary wouldn't join Germany, as Poland had claims on areas such as Teschen Silesia and Spiš. Hungary felt that it was robbed in the Treaty of Versaille as well, and would likely have jumped at the chance to reclaim what was previously theres. Without any allies, Czechoslovakia was doomed to fall as it was surrounded on nearly all sides by unfriendly nations.

After the Munich Agreement was signed Czechoslovakia had little choice in what they could do. If they put up any resistance, the Czech people were sure to be decimated by Hitler. The choice was simply to keep themselves alive.