Obviously the Norse had no professional armies, and Vikings were just done during the right season, but how did fresh fighters get ready for this endeavor? Would I get some stoic warrior lecture from an elder? Am I going to get smoked by my ship’s Jarl for horsing around during training? How do my elders view me? As a stupid boot who has to earn his stripes? Or just another guy in the drakkar?
Sorry for the late response.
It is unfortunately difficult to answer to how the educational/ training "program" of the Vikings were structured, due to the dearth of primary texts.
The closest (thus often cited) source is the following poem, sometimes mentioned as "nine arts (skills) for the Vikings":
'At nine skills I challenge -
a champion at chess:
runes I rarely spoil:
I read books and write:
I'm skilled at skiing:
and shooting and sculling
and more! I've mastered
music and verse'.
[Quoted from: Hermann Pálsson & Paul Edwards (trans.), Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1981, Chap. 58 (p. 108.)]
The poet who composed the poem and boasted his skills was a young Norwegian-Orcadiian noble, Rognvald Kali (d. 1158). He grew up in the farmstead of his father in southern Norway, and became an adventuring merchant at first (then took a visit in England). Only later after some adventures, he invaded with his retinue and took control of the Orkney Isles, his mother's homeland. Thus, he might not have primarily trained as a specialized warrior so that the melee did not constitute one of his nine "arts".
While you probably didn't have any access to the book and Latin script in the early Viking Age, however, arts of poetry (skaldic poems) and runes - not primarily for magics, but for daily uses (check /u/Platypuskeeper's elegant explanation found in: What were Norse/Germanic runes used for?) would proved to be useful to get along with the jarl, as I explained before in: What did Viking crews do to pass the time on transoceanic voyages?, so I'd recommend OP to learn.
Among diverse weapons of the Vikings attested either by written or by non-written evidence, I especially point out the possible significance of shield for the elite warrior (including berserkir!) serving the lord, as illustrated in: Were Berserkers really as crazy as the historical records show?
If OP can also be asked about how to prepare the expedition by the jarl, I'd also recommended OP to check I’m a Norse Jarl. I want to raid and pillage some English villages across the sea. How many men do I need? answered by /u/sagathain and /u/BRIStoneman.
Recommended Reading:
(Edited): fixes typo.