I live in Pripyat at the time of the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster, and am evacuated by the government. What happens next?

by Toranosaur

How do I find employment and housing? Does the government assist me? Do I have lasting health issues? Is radiation-related medical care taken care of by the government? Would I be discriminated against by my new neighbors who fear I am spreading contamination? Am I forbidden to talk about Chernobyl and how it affected me?

erobin37

I can give an overview on employment and housing. The medical consequences are still controversial and deserves a full answer on its own.

It's the afternoon of April 27, 1986. You, your husband and your children hurriedly pack your belongings in your Pripyat apartment, as the evacuation announcement played loudly in the background. The city officials had told you to pack three days' worth of belongings, as the evacuation would be temporary. You turned off the lights, shut down the electricity and closed the apartment windows, and ushered your children onto a bus requisitioned from its normal routes in Kiev. By then, it was evening. Two deputies sat in the front, directing the bus driver on his route across a number of villages, cities and towns. The bus stopped regularly at pre-arranged houses, and the deputies would shout lines like "There are three places in this home. Who wants to stay here?"

Some people would be lucky and managed to settle in newly-built houses requisitioned for the evacuees. Your family decided to stay at a house in Polesskoye. This one was already occupied by an elderly couple, but seeing that you have children with you, they decided to stay at the storehouse for the time being, and left the house to you and your family. You thanked them for their kindness. You were also lucky in that your family were not marked as essential workers who had to stay behind in Pripyat for the clean up. You tried to sleep, but you couldn't.

The next day, livestock from the evacuation zone was trucked into the town. You spent the day counting and washing them, though the animals were in shock and refused to work. You helped out with some duties here and there for the elderly couple. By the third day, there were no news of a prospective return. Food, money and hospitality were running low. You heard rumors of evacuees set off on an exodus across hospitals in Ukraine and the Soviet Union in search of their injured relatives. You also heard some older folks returning to their villages next to Chernobyl. A collective farm deputy visited you, asking you if there's anything you need. When you asked him when you could return, he had no answer. A black market began to form, with vodka being especially valuable. You were told that it could ward off radiation.

In May, the lethargic bureaucracy began to react to the financial situation of the evacuees. It started with a one time payment from the Soviet Red Cross of 50 rubles per person, about a week's worth of wage. The government followed with a further 200 rubles per person. You lined up at the municipal office to receive the cash, and noticed police officers armed with machine guns guarding the cashiers. A rock concert was held in the Olympic Stadium in Moscow - the first in the Soviet Union - to raise money for the disaster. It seemed that the human consequences of the disaster, and the plight of the evacuee, was well-known. Newspapers started printing stories about evacuees. The official party line was that the evacuation happened smoothly, but grievances were made public on local newspapers. You read about evacuees who accused their new settlements of not providing them with shelter.

It's been about a month, and the town officials began arranging employment for you. They were simple jobs - farming, drying flax, loading bales and the like. Fearful of the effects of radiation in the air, you sent your children to a pioneer camp in Crimea for the summer. Children from Pripyat were given priority.

In July, 3 months in, you were told that you could return to Pripyat to collect some more of your belongings. Some items are prohibited, like large furniture's or children's toys, but you could file for such lost properties with the government. In return, the government paid 4,000 rubles for a single person and 7,000 for a family of two.

The government had also been busy trying to build new homes across Ukraine and even in Belarus. Back when the disaster happened, the government set up a relief fund at the state bank where people could donate to. Around 200 million rubles were used from the fund to build new houses. In total, 11,500 new single family houses were built. 13,000 newly completed apartments across Ukraine, originally intended for waitlisted citizens, are also requisitioned for the evacuees. The town you resettled in - Polesskoye - would eventually become part of the expanded Zone of Exclusion, so you decided to move to one such newly-built apartment in Kiev. You spent some of your government payment on new furniture, contributing to a furniture boom in Kiev that year. You felt like your neighbor was avoiding you. Your children could go back to school, though children from Pripyat had to sit at a separate table, in fear of spreading radiation. Some of your friends, who were nuclear specialists, would be transferred to other nuclear stations in Ukraine, where they would be similarly shunned. The original workers felt the newcomers were taking over their jobs, not because the newcomers were good at it, but rather because they contributed to a disaster that they created.

Sources: The Social Impact of the Chernobyl Disaster (1988); Midnight in Chernobyl (2019)