While you are waiting for an answer /u/MoroccanMonarchist has answered a similar question, specifically focusing on Morocco as an example: Under Islamic Law, any type of interest is considered usury and therefore illegal. How did banks and companies under Islamic empires (e.g. Persia, the Ottomans, Mamluks, etc.) go about making money if interest wasn't an option?

/u/DanielPMonut answers How did the Christian prohibition of usury evolve? Was it one of the early tenets of the Church or did it develop over time? At what point was lending regarded as a socially acceptable profession in Europe?

Also /u/SweatCleansTheSuit answers Banking How did the Medici bank work? Was there a physical location with employees? Did they have standard paperwork? How were they able to operate (or was the Church's prohibition on usury subject to local authorities, or overstated)? Do we know how they made lending decisions? which also touches on usury in a specific example of the Medici Bank.

Also since this usually comes up when speaking of usury I'm going to add /u/sunagainstgold answering As Jews were, due to the Christian church's usury laws, often the only ones able to charge usury with loans in Medieval Europe - is there a noticeable economic impact in locations when Jews were expelled? which also covers some of the question.