I'm afraid you have to rely greatly on non-written evidence (aka archaeology) for re-construction of pre-Conquest Prussian society and economy.

In addition to Christiansen's Northern Crusade (1980, 1998 in revised), an indispensable classic, Aleksander Pluskowski, The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade: Holy War and Colonisation, London: Routledge, 2013 (to be updated to the 2nd edition soon in 2022) is must-read in this field in research.

(Added): I cited his work (though very briefly) before in Was Slavery A Part Of The Hanseatic Trade?

Pluskowski is primarily a zoo-archaeologist (studying animal remains in the past), and has involved a few international research project on the "ecological" (including the settlement) transformation the Prussian land use and food culture during the conquest in the last decade. You can also check some of his co-authored article as well as those by members of these research projects (mainly from Baltic countries and Poland) below:

• Pluskowski, Aleksander (ed.). Environment, Colonization, and the Baltic Crusader States (Terra Sacra), 2 vols. Turnhout: Brepols, 2019.
• Pluskowski, Aleksander, et al. "The Baltic Crusades and Ecological Transformation: The Zooarchaeology of Conquest and Cultural Change in the Eastern Baltic in the Second Millennium AD." Quaternary International 510 (2019): 28-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2018.11.039 (Draft (pdf) is also uploaded to the repository in the University of Reading)
• Archaeologica Baltica (Lithuanian academic journal on Arcaheology), Vol. 20 (2013), special volume on medieval historical archaeology on the project of the Baltic Crusade (most of pdf articles can be downloaded): Frontier Societies and Environmental Change in Northeast Europe
• Brown, A., Banerjea, R., Wynne, A.D., Stivrins, N., Jarzebowski, M., Shillito, L.-M. and Pluskowski, A. "The Ecological Impact of Conquest and Colonization on a Medieval Frontier Landscape: Combined Palynological and Geochemical Analysis of Lake Sediments from Radzyń Chełminski, Northern Poland." Geoarchaeology 30 (2015): 511-527. https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21525

The following is also an example of recent settlement archaeology research on southern and eastern Baltic in the High Middle Ages (NB: on Livonia): Šnē, Andris. “The medieval peasantry: on the social and religious position of the rural natives in southern Livonia (13th–15th centuries). Keskaja talupoeg: Lõuna-Liivimaa maarahva sotsiaalsest ja religioossest seisundist (13.-15. sajandil).” Ajalooline Ajakiri. The Estonian Historical Journal 2008-1/2 : 89-100.

(Added): Just in case that you are not good at reading (medieval) Latin, some of the important primary texts on the Prussian Crusade is now more accessible in English (and in form of paperback), though even scholars have not apparently easily reached an agreement on how to interpret their narratives behind the possible propaganda: Fischer, Mary (ed. & trans.). The Chronicle of Prussia by Nicolaus von Jerochin: A History of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia, 1190-1331. London: Routledge, 2010 (2021 paperback).