Mayor of Czechoslovakia (?) Murdered For Helping Jews?

by Sea-Vermicelli3565

(I forgot to clarify firmly, that I was only told of this, I was wondering if anyone had any useful information regarding this!)

(Edit) I just recalled that my grandmother referenced something occurring with them when she was 3, which would be 1945, she referenced something relating to one of 2 things, either she was hidden by her father in an ambulance, or that he hid her along with Jews in an ambulance. Still waiting to hear from my Great-Aunt Beatrice, but she was never the nicest nor caring, so could take a bit of time.

Hello, I'm new here, but, throughout my life, I was always told my great grandfather (Attached Image) was once a mayor in Czechoslovaka/Slovakia, who assisted the Jews in escaping (Number Never Mentioned), and that he was murdered via gouging of the eyes and slicing of the tongue. And had a statue built publicly of him.

His name according to my deceased grandparents was "Pavol Hanulik", and his wife was a "Mária Fokor."

This Drive is the only image I have of him;

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ulLyuyKwv0EgB_a7YZ8vG1fnUz8BxwkS/view?usp=sharing

I am planning on getting an ancestry test done, as I have mapped my mothers side ("American" (Distant Irish/German/Native American)), but my fathers stops right at my grandparents.

Any recommendations where to look for information or ask for assistance?

gerardmenfin

The genealogy website Ancestry.com returns the birth record of a child (Maria Magdalena) born on 21 January 1942 in Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, from Pavol Hanulík and Mária Fokor. There's no certainty that these are the right people: these patronyms seem to be quite common, and I cannot find the individual records for the parents. However, the record does correspond to an adult couple of the right age, and the man is actually named Pavol and not Pavel. Maria Magdalena later married a German man named Schemmel and she died in Bratislava in 2006.

The town of Banská Štiavnica was home to a Jewish community of about 400 people in 1940 (the first Jews had settled there in the 1860s). During WW2, the pro-nazi Slovak state persecuted the Jews and two-thirds of the Slovak Jews were deported in 1942. After that there were about a 100 Jews left in Banská Štiavnica. In August 1944, Slovakia was invaded by Germany and the Slovak National Uprising (SNU) was launched in September to resist the occupation. A second wave of deportations ensued, as well as mass massacres of Jews and partisans by the Einsatzgruppe H and the Slovak militia Hlinka Guard, notably in the areas of Banská Štiavnica and Banská Bystrica (where the SNU started). Some of the Jews of Banská Štiavnica joined the partisans while most survived by hiding out in the forests and nearby villages (Yad Vashem, 2001).

Assuming that Banská Štiavnica was the town of your great-grand parents, this was likely the context of your story. The massacre of Kremnička, where more than 700 people were killed (half of them Jews) took place 40 km from there. However, there is no Hanulík in this list of famous people who lived or worked in Banská Štiavnica. Of course Pavol Hanulík may have been the mayor of a nearby village.

A book from 1974 about the role of teachers in the SNU has an entry for a Pavel (not Povel) Hanulík, a teacher from Beresek (Šulekovo). This Hanulík joined the SNU and fought in the region north of Banská Štiavnica until November 1944. He was captured and sent to a concentration camp but he survived the war (Mátej, 1974).

We can also mention Vojtech Hanulík, a 36-year-old civil servant who was shot dead by the Gestapo on 29 December 1944 in Nová Baňa for cooperating with the partisans (here is a monument with his name). Interestingly, Vojtech Hanulík had been a "district chief" in Banská Štiavnica so it seems that members of the Hanulík family were prominent members of this community (Jablonický and Kropilák, 1970; Kružliak, 2003). It could thus be interesting to contact the local historical society to check the history of the Hanulík family in Banská Štiavnica and its area. You could also contact the Musem of Slovak National Uprising in Banská Bystrica.

This page (in Slovak) gives some pointers on the origins of the Hanulík family in Northern Slovakia. There are many Mária Fokor, who are either from Slovakia, Hungary, or western Romania (where there are Hungarian populations).

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