Here's an excerpt from Diarmaid MacCulloch's Reformation: Europe's House Divided 1490-1700 on the prominence of Hebrew among Renaissance scholars:

In fact until then [fifteenth century], very few scholars had any more than the vaguest knowledge of the Greek language. If the knew a learned language other than Latin, it was likely to be Hebrew, for the good reason that while there were virtually no Greeks of any significance in the West, there were plenty of argumentative and ingenious Jewish rabbis, who had an awkward ability to question Christianity and so needed to be refuted by reference to their own Hebrew literature.

Meaning of some passages from the Old Testament might be inferred by juxtaposition of the source text and its translation. Also, albeit I can't say about the Scripture, the most significant translations of New Testament were bi- or trilingual. Erasmus' translation was bilingual. Polyglot (an outstanding project, supervised by Ximenes) was trilingual [ibid]:

This Complutensian Polyglot <...> was a six-volume text of Vulgate Bible accompanied in parallel columns by the Hebrew and Greek texts and new Latin interpretations of them; the last volume was published in 1517 <...>