What was it about the evolution of military combat among the nomadic peoples of the steppe that caused them to consistently dominate Europeans to the West when invading in force?

by Furschitzengiggels

From the Scythians, Indo-Iranians, and Huns to the Avars, Magyars, Tatars, and Mongols, it seems that no matter how dominant and successful an army west of the Eurasian Steppe was, as soon as a collection of well-determined nomadic steppe people marched West in force, they rode roughshod over any Western resistance. Why was it so hard to adapt to the tactics of nomadic steppe cavalry?

EnclavedMicrostate