I believe you are mistaking the 1943 Ghetto Uprising with the 1944 Warsaw Uprising. In October 1943, when the liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto was carried out, the front was far from Warsaw and the Soviets were in no position to provide aid to the Polish Jews fighting for their lives in the Ghetto.

I'll try to address your question as it pertains to the 1944 Warsaw Uprising. I hope that's alright.

In the summer of 1944, the Polish Home Army (henceforward referred to as the AK - Armia Krajowa) chose to launch a long-planned operation to liberate key Polish cities ahead of the Red Army. This was given the codename Operation Tempest (Burza) and was seen by Polish leadership as their best possibility of preserving the legitimate Polish Government's negotiating position vis-a-vis the Soviet Union. Polish-Soviet relations were complicated, to say the least, with the Soviets having first joined with Germany in dismembering Poland in 1939, and then later joining the war against Germany as an ally of Poland's allies (UK, USA).  The Soviets had very clear designs on Eastern Poland (now western Ukraine, Belorus, and Lithuania), and had comitted atrocities against captured Polish Officers in 1941. The Soviets had, by this time, formed a Polish Army under Soviet leadership and were in the process of forming the Lublin Committee as a pro-Soviet Communist government in direct challenge to the Government-in-Exile's legitimacy. For the Poles, the situation in the summer of 1944 gave them only two alternatives: sit by and let the Red Army drive the Germans out, after which the Red Army would doubtlessly impose Communist rule on the nation, or rise up and strike a blow ahead of the Red Army, in the hope of being able to preserve some semblance of legitimacy for a Poland free and independent of Soviet influence. 

It should be noted that, as the Red Army sped west in the summer of 1944, Soviet radio was extolling the Poles to rise up against their German oppressors. However, this propaganda effort does not seem to have had any impact of the AK leadership's decision to launch Operation Burza, although it may have given credence to the hope that Polish and Soviet forces would cooperate and support one another. However, despite this propaganda effort, there was no Soviet planning for coordinating with the Poles and indeed the Soviets knew little of Polish capabilities of plans. When Operation Tempest was launched, those Polish forces which assisted in the liberation of cities in the Kresy region - Kowel being the biggest example - were treated well by frontline Red Army units but then disarmed and arrested as partisans by the following NKVD formations.  

Given the situation, the AK chose of launch a rising in Warsaw on 1 August, 24 hours after Soviet vehicles were reported on the outskirts of Warsaw's left-bank suburb, Praga. These vehicles would turn out to be little more than the leading reconnaissance elements of Rokossovsky's 1st Belorussian Front, which was caught in a German counterattack from 1-4 August (Battle of Radzymin) which would see the virtual destruction of Soviet 3rd Tank Corps and a general halt to Rokossovsky's offensive, which was nearing the end of its logistical tether after fighting through Belorus and Eastern Poland.

The initial uprising on 1 August was relatively successful, but failed to achieve all of its objectives. The rising in Praga - the part of Warsaw east of the Vistula and closest to the front lines - was unsuccessful, as were attacks on the Vistula bridges, the University and many prominent buildings in the central "German only" restricted areas of central Warsaw.the AK was able to capture important caches of small arms, however, and was able to liberate substantial sections of the city in the Old Town, Wola and Żoliborz. It is interesting to note that in these liberated areas, the Poles quickly established many state apparatuses (postal carriers, fire brigades, courts and schools), showing the importance placed not only of defeating the Germans, but on preserving and renewing the Polish Nation.

No one claims that it was Soviet fault that Warsaw Ghetto Uprising fell because of lack of Soviet help, since it started in April 1943 and ended in May of 1943 when Soviet Union still struggled with repelling Germans from their own lands, and still were far away from Poland.

In the Warsaw ghetto created in 1940, the Germans confined over 400,000 people. Jews; tens of thousands of them died of disease and starvation. On July 22, 1942, the Germans began the deportation of ghetto prisoners to the extermination camp in Treblinka. Almost 300,000 were killed there. Warsaw Jews. In the fall of 1942, there were only about 60,000 Jews left in the so -called residual ghetto. They were mainly young and in the prime of life, without families, employed in German production workshops, the so-called sheds. In these conditions, when there was nothing left to lose, the idea of ​​armed resistance was born among the Jewish youth.

Even during the great deportation action on July 28, 1942, the activists of the left-wing Zionist youth movements established the Jewish Fighting Organization (Polish Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa, or just ŻOB) Later communists and socialists joined it. The ŻOB was headed by Mordechaj Anielewicz from Hashomer Hatzair, and the most famous leaders were Icchak Cukierman from Dror and Marek Edelman from the socialist Bund party. The second underground organization in the Warsaw Ghetto was the Jewish Military Union (Polish Żydowski Związek Wojskowy or just ŻZW), established at the turn of 1942 and 1943 among right-wing Zionists, led by Leon Rodal and Paweł Frenkel.

When on January 18, 1943, the Germans began another displacement action, they encountered armed resistance from the ŻOB fighters. "Jews! The occupant is about to commence the second act of your extermination! Do not go to death without a fight! Defend yourselves!" - the ŻOB leaflet proclaimed. The four-day self-defense campaign delayed the final liquidation of the ghetto and gave the Jewish underground time to prepare for the uprising. When on April 19, 1943, on the eve of Pesach, German troops numbering 2,000 People supported by tanks and armored vehicles re-entered the ghetto to finally liquidate them, and about 500 members of the ŻOB stood up to fight them, divided into 22 battle groups and around 150 ŻZW fighters. During the first days, the insurgents defended their fortified positions, making it difficult for the Germans to penetrate the ghetto. They fired on the advancing enemy troops and threw grenades and bottles with gasoline at them. The symbols of the uprising were the Jewish and Polish flags hung on a high tenement house. On the first day of the uprising, the Home Army (Polish Armia Krajowa, or just AK) diversion unit made an unsuccessful attempt to blow up the ghetto wall. During the uprising under the ghetto walls, the Home Army and the GL carried out several more actions against the Germans firing at the insurgents' positions.

Further insurgent fights consisted in the defense of individual bunkers and buildings. The Germans systematically combed the following blocks of streets, burning house after house. They drove out civilians and killed the captured insurgents. They threw smoke candles and destroyed them with explosives into the detected bunkers, where apart from militants, civilians were also hiding.

The commander of the German forces, Jürgen Stroop, stated in his report on the destruction of the ghetto that his troops captured or killed over 56,000 Jews and 631 bunkers were discovered. According to the Stroop report, 36 thousand people have been deported by the germans to labor camps in the Lublin region, the rest died on the spot or in the gas chambers of Treblinka. The figures provided by him are probably overestimated, but we do not have other figures. At the same time, on the "Aryan side" of the ghetto wall, the Germans intensified the search for Jews in hiding, offering cash prizes for their capture.

Only a few dozen of insurgents managed to get out of the burning ghetto through sewers and underground tunnels. Most of them died as a result of denunciation, some in partisan fights, some took part in the Warsaw Uprising in 1944. On May 8, 1943, the Germans surrounded the bunker of the ŻOB command. About a hundred fighters, including Mordechaj Anielewicz, suffocated in smoke or committed suicide, not wanting to fall into the hands of the Germans.

However, the fighting of individual insurgent groups continued until May 16. That evening, as a sign of victory, the Germans blew up the Great Synagogue outside the residual ghetto. Stroop wrote in his report: "The Jewish residential district in Warsaw no longer exists!" After the uprising, the Germans razed the ghetto to the ground.

The Uprising was previously discussed with the command of AK (which was the main Polish Underground military organisation during WWII) and it was know from the beginning, both for the Jews in the ghetto and Poles outside of it that it was going to be a suicidal battle. Nobody hoped to win, the Jews just wanted to die fighting, with weapons in their hands, kill as many Germans as possible instead of being murdered in concentration camps. They also tried to give AK and other organisations (the most important one being Żegota) time to evacuate as many children and women as possible from the ghetto through the sewage under the ghetto.

The uprising from the beginning was doomed to fall, everyone knew and accepted it. No one later blamed anyone other than the Germans, especially the Soviets who still were far away from Warsaw and in no way could at that time offer any help to the fighting Jews.