Roughly how much did human poop cost in Tokugawa Japan? I've seen references to "Watanabe Minoru, Mikaiho buraku-shi no kenkyu- (Tokyo,. I965)" but I can't read Japanese.

I'm really deep in a worldbuilding rabbit hole for a TRPG game, a quick estimative of "about 1 monme per bucket" should be more than fine lol

Is Noam Chomsky a “generally” factually-accurate source of information?

I am not the most knowledgeable when it comes to world history, and would like to learn more, especially when it comes to my own government. However, if Chomsky’s claims are largely false/incorrect then I will not use him as a source for information.

What kind of social class did family members of titled aristocracy count as? For example, Viscount So-and-So has two sons, with the eldest being the heir. The eldest is already married with plenty of heirs, so let's say the younger brother is like 7th in the line of succession at this point. The youngest then marries the third daughter of Baron Some-Guy, and she as well is far removed from inheriting any of the Baron's assets. Would this married couple still be considered nobles at this point? What about their children? Or their children's children?

Hi, im a third year history student looking to expand my knowledge of history and one of the potential fields id like to emphasize in is the Falangists of Spain and the Italian Fascist Party, eventually looking to become a professor of some sort (I've read how difficult that is) Also have interest in the contemporary history of these two nations.

If anyone has any book recommendations that would be great

Looking for a recommendation for any kind of book (be it monograph or coffee-table book) on the subject of trains or railways. Thanks.

What percentage of northern Christians supported the Civil Rights Act? Southern Christians?

Today, gender isn't the best indicator of support/ lack of support for abortion rights. Religion is. I'm trying to figure out how far back that correlation of religious support for regressive social policy goes, but I keep coming up with newspaper articles and the like that don't actually tell me anything.

I apologize for the loaded language-- I'm a queer woman and having a really hard time not sounding angry at the moment. I also know that "Christian" is a REALLY broad category, but I wasn't sure which breakdown would be most helpful for the question. Feel free to tweak categories as you please.

How much would 1 European thaler coming from France around year 1800 be worth today after taking inflation into account?

There is a village quite close to were I live that was given to Stanislas de Boufflers when he fled French revolution and later he sold it for 3300 thalers and I wonder how much it would be worth today.

Looking for reading recs about societal collapse and/or the falls of large empires - any time period or place is cool.

What were the first government files leaked to the press? What’s the earliest known destruction of potentially embarrassing government files? Or the first known case were there was a conscious decision not to put certain things in writing?

What was the family structure like during Ancient Greece and Rome? I'm mostly interested in the prevalence of cousin marriage and polygamy.

Was Tibet ever a country? Legally recognised by other sovereign nations?

Have there been any "lost" narcotics?

I've seen several things talking about drug and alcohol use throughout history, but it suddenly struck me that we've "lost" several things throughout history, things that we have reports of or a name of but no existing examples/directions for (like certain construction and military techniques famously but lots of things) to verify what it was or to recreate it.

Are there any examples of this "lost" status for narcotics? Where we have a name or description or context which shows us that there WAS a narcotic that was being used, but we just don't know what it was, how it's made, things like that? Or perhaps ones from an extinct plant, like silphium only a narcotic version?

I have heard that 90% of indigenous American population died from disease when first exposed (even indirectly) to europeans. Why was this so much worse than what europeans went through with something like the black death (only 30-60% of the population died)?

I've been looking for a voice record of Hitler that i've listened to recently but i cannot seem to find it. I think he was giving some kind of speech about his designated successors. It was a very long list, i remember that i heard at least like 10 names there. When the list ended, he said something like "If he¹ is not able to serve, the Reichstag² shall choose a new Führer, and the German people shall show the same loyalty they've shown to me to the new Führer.". I remember it was a video actually, but i'm almost certain that the video was an irrevelant video of Hitler edited onto the voice record, so i don't necessarily need the video. I'm also almost certain that the video had Turkish subtitles. I would really appreciate it if someone could help me find the voice record, possibly with Turkish or English subtitles.

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1: The last successor

2: He might have used another word instead of Reichstag, i don't remember clearly.

What was the cost of bread in France at the onset of the French Revolution in modern currency?

This is a weird question with probably no answer but the 1683 siege of Vienna usually isn't framed as a war between the Holy Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire but as a Habsburg vs Ottoman war. Which is fair enough I guess but the Habsburgs were the emperors and Vienna a major city of the Empire.

And thousands of imperial troops defended the city and would go on to push out the invaders.

But the battle is most famous for the Polish Winged Hussars, despite them not even being the first into battle that broke the siege or did the bulk of the fighting.

I guess my questions are How did the 2nd siege of Vienna become bigger in the national identity of Poland (they're the ones who funded a decently sized english language film about the battle) instead of the German/Austrian national identities?

Given recent controversies in India: is there a secular historical perspective on Mohammad's marriage to Aisha? Did he consummate the marriage when she was nine years old?

Is anyone here knowledgeable on eastern clothing through the centuries?

Was there a Brazilian equivalent of the Underground Railroad? What ways did Brazilian slaves have to escape to freedom?

Is there any historical evidence of Individualistic cultures being better at waging war?

I recall a claim that individualistic cultures made better soldiers (Perhaps emphasis on self-reliance and taking the initiative?) and I’m wondering if there is historical evidence to back this up (Britain, America, Germanic nations?)

Did Che Guevara ever actually use the term “Boogaloo” as a code word for revolution?

Which soviet divisions were there at the battle of Nikolayevka ?

did the Italians lose the battle of Nikolayevka ?

I've started working on a Templar depiction for reenactment, and I'd like to do it right. Obviously for am order with 200 years of history things change, but I'm aiming for around 1250. I recently purchased a copy of the Primitive Rule and I'm working through it.

My first question regards the dress code, specifically the white robes, surcoats and mantles. I found references to a Papal grant of rights to a white mantal as a sign of chastity. However the old French in the rule describes Templar dress as "burell". That implies a light brown or cream colour. In line with the vows of poverty and renouncing worldly goods maybe undyed linen? With a white mantal for unmarried knights?

I know the Red Cross (Cross pate?) only appears after 1147, and that seems to be quite small and place over the heart possibly on both tunic and mantal, or in the same place on the surcoat. However this seems like it may not have lasted very long in actuality?

Lastly, banners and shields. It seems that the shields and banners were painted black and white and whiteout the red cross? Indeed that most depictions of knights in white with red crosses are actually English Knights under Richard the Lionheart.

So in short, brown/undyed linen gear except for the mantal, small red cross over the heart, black and white shield and banner? None of this all white and huge red crosses on everything as seen on TV.

Looking for books on non-Homo Sapien hominid culture.

who created legion?

of course I know it was created in rome , but I kinda forgor name of creator for some reason I thought it was julious ceasar but I am preatty sure I am wrong so who was original creator of legion?(sorry for stupid queation but I couldnt find answer online_

What's the current consensus on Machiavelli's motives behind writing the Prince? Is he sincere? Pandering to the Medicis? Insulting the Medicis?

Where can I find sources about the World population distribution by Kingdom/Land during the 500CE - 1500CE period?

I remember my history teacher in high school told me an anecdote regarding a Pope, who was seemingly obsessed with his own funeral. To the point, that he would organise it (laying in the coffin, holy mass etc.) on at least a few occasions. After one such funeral he got a heatstroke while relaxing in the garden...and the next day he had a genuine funeral. Which Pope was she talking about?

Were any other nations or empires named after their leader/known by their name or are the Timurids unique? For example, there are empires like the Babylonian empire and the Roman empire named which are named after their capital, but what about empires named after their leader?

How many Languages would have been spoken in the British empire at its height, around 1920.

We often hear of how many languages Austria Hungary had, with over a dozen widely spoken, but this would have been dwarfed by the British empire. India alone would have probably had this many, and this number would soar once you add in indigenous languages in Australia, Canada and of course Africa.

Is the name of Fort Lee, NJ related to General Lee in the continental army, and was Robert E. Lee related to him at all as well?

Where can I find data/ a chart showing what the most important/ important issues for uk voters have been since 1970. I can only fond from 2000.

What would be taught in the US Naval Academy in the mid 19th century; roughly 1830-1870?

Confederate Captain Thomas Jefferson Page is said to have been appointed to the US Naval Academy in 1827 however apparently the Academy was only founded in 1845; where the hell did he go to school?

Who was Kurt of Schielcier (sorry I butchered that) and what was his role in Germany pre-hitler? I've only read about him recently and I'm confused about his history.

I vaguely remember a story about how the Soviet's had planted listening devices in the home of a US ambassador and believed the wife was having an affair by listening to her talk, although it turns out they were listening to her talking to their pet.

I'm looking for more details about the incident, does anyone know who/when this supposedly occurred?

What did the Assyrians call the Levant/Canaan.

What distinguished English feudalism from that in other countries?

Is it true that cannabis was made illegal in the US just because officials hated Mexican people? If so, why is it also illegal in other countries that are nowhere near Mexico?

What has gotten cheaper due to advancements in technology?

And how has advancing technology made them cheaper than they originally were?

Why were the Nazis so delusional that they could beat the world?

Is Mario rigoni's sergeant in the snow reliable ?

Are there any renewable energy ideas buried in history that could be applied today?

Looking for information about the ironclad ram CSS Stonewall;

Who were it's 140 crew? Can only find the Captain's name. Were they hired Europeans, Americans that slipped the blockade? What was their nationalities?

How was the crew divided up? Sailors? Vs steam engine engineers? Coal shovelers? Was there an ship carpenter & a shipsmith on board?

Besides the few cannons, what weapons would be found on board? A dozen rifled naval muskets? Were there Marines on board?

What maps & charts could be found? Detailed information for the whole world's coasts & sea lanes or just the expected operational area of the blockade breaker?

Would the ship have a library or just whatever the crew chose to bring personally?

What type of food stuffs? Any livestock or potatoes or just flower & hardtack?

Has there ever been a serious movement for/ possibility of Kentish statehood since the 9th century Kingdom of Kent?

Which legion did Pompey lend Caesar?

So what’s up with Poland’s panhandle after the Congress of Vienna in 1815? Why is it there?

Is the fall of the Berlin Wall the most significant "governmental mistake" in history? If not, what is? Or what are some interesting contenders for "most significant errors" in history?

Do any of you guys know the main diference between these two books on the reformation?

They are both by the same author and were published with just a year of diference between the two.

Have you guys read any of them?

Reformation: a history

Reformation: Europe's hose divided

How many soldiers survived all battles of the izonzo on both the Austrian sides and the Italian sides?

Is Lady Izdihar on TikTok and YouTube a reliable source on Soviet history (for someone who just wants to educate themselves, not to cite in any academic work)? She tends to just give fun little facts about everyday life and things like old newspapers/magazines/etc, and I find it interesting but I can't seem to find if she's an academic or professional or a hobbyist

Can we really believe in book like the Winter king, written by Bernard Cornwell, were those book claim to be "fiction caracther based on real history?

By believe I mean, assume people lived/acted/fight the way it is in the book?

I am trying to find impact of the Kalinga war on the population of both the dynasties involved. I was able to find the approximate population and the population decrease of the Mauryan Empire, but I cannot find the population of Kalinga anywhere. Could anyone guide me?

What’s the most accurate map of pre-partition India and what would Pakistan be under? (Looking for a gift)

Genghis is stated to have a ton of kids, so has he collected all the STD's?