A peasant Freeman was still a peasant, so they still held land and worked agriculturally, in contrast to urban Freemen who lived and worked in cities and would have bought their food in markets or public kitchens.

At the time of Domesday Book, Freemen peasants typically held about a virgate of land; a quarter of a 'hide', 'carrucate' or 'ploughland' depending on circuit, and very roughly approximate to about 30 acres. In this, they didn't necessarily hold any more land than a typical tenant farmer of the villein or 'villager' class, who pre-Conquest may have been a kostetlan, but did own that land without most of the significant service obligations of a manorial tenant.

In practice, their land was likely distributed among the same fields as their semi-free or unfree neighbours: prior to the introduction of the Inclosure Acts in the 18th Century and the collectivisation of land by manorial landowners, land held by peasants was worked semi-comunally and distributed in acre strips through a number of fields. For instance, a peasant household who held 30 acres wouldn't hold one big 30 acre field, they would hold 30 acre strips likely distributed across 3 separate fields in a crop rotation pattern; 10 likely used for cereal, 10 for nitrising vegetables such as legumes, beans, etc, and 10 left fallow. Since their neighbours would be following a similar scheme, it followed that a village's hides would be collectively used for the same purposes. Free peasantry would be required to dp the same agricultural labour as their peers, they were simply exempt from carrying out rent service obligations on a landowner's manorial lands.

While at Domesday the typical Freeman held a virgate, this was merely an average, not a limit, and it was entirely possible for a Freeman to accumulate more land. Of course, there is a limit to how much land one household can work, and certainly by the 14th century there are examples of enterprising Free peasants of the Yeomen class who held sufficient land that they themselves had a series of tenant households to work it for them, becoming essentially petty landlords. At busier times of the year, hired labourers were also an important part of the agricultural workforce, although these were not unique to working for Freemen.