Anne Frank: COD possibly typhus, likely around February 1945 at Bergen-Belsen

Margot Frank: COD possibly typhus, likely around February 1945 and one week before Anne at Bergen-Belsen

Edith Frank: COD some sort of illness and weakness, January 1945 at Auschwitz-Birkenau

Otto Frank: survived

Hermann van Pels: COD gas chamber, some time in October 1944 at Auschwitz-Birkenau

Auguste van Pels: COD either from illness or being thrown under the train (conflicting testimony), between February-March 1945 during transport between two camps

Peter van Pels: COD illness, May 10, 1945 at Mauthausen

Fritz Pfeffer: COD gastrointestinal illness, December 20, 1944 at Neuengamme

We know this from a combination of camp records, first-hand accounts, and allied records. For Margot and Anne, people knew them in the camp and those who survived recalled their deaths. A woman who knew Edith was in the infirmary when she was brought in and recalled she died about a week later. Same thing with Hermann - surviving prisoners knew he was sent to the gas chamber. Auguste’s death was also reported by survivors who knew her, but one claimed Auguste died next to her during transport while another claimed guards threw her off the train and onto the tracks. Fritz’s death was documented in Nazi camp records. Unfortunately for Peter, he died 5 days after Americans liberated his camp. His death was recorded in the Americans records.