This question is specifically about the cultural and social history of Russia as opposed to its economic conditions. What was it about Russian society that made it so receptive to Bolshevik ideas?
You should definitely check out u/mikitacurve's answer to the question "Did the Bolsheviks really have popular support in 1917?"
You might want to follow that up with u/hamiltonkg's answer as to how the Bolsheviks gained support in the Russian military, with some additional info from an answer I wrote.