When I think of slavery in the southern states I think of slaves mainly working on farms or doing house chores. Was there slaves that did professional careers such as accounting, blacksmithing or carpentry?

How do historians approach works where the author would want or expect privacy? For example, are there certain ethical guidelines that historians adopt when studying a diary or personal exchange of letters?

Which current country corresponds to “State of Mount Lebanon”?

I was trying to build a family tree and stumbled upon a marriage certificate. The certificate is from 1903 in Mexico City but what caught my attention is the bride's home country. The following is a fragment of the transcript and my translation:

“… veintiseis años de edad, soltera, oriunda de Schartón/Scharbón, Estado del Monte del Libano, Turquia Asiatica…”

"… twenty-six years old, single, native of Scharton/Scharbon, State of Mount Lebanon, Asian Turkey."

(Due to the handwriting, I can't tell if it's Scharton or Scharbon)

So my initial assumption is Lebanon, but the "Asian Turkey" part bugged me. I then thought that it could be somewhere in Syria close to Lebanon. Doing brief research, I found that between 1861–1918 there was something called the Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate. The date and name match, so … Is that it?

Or is there another place that had that name?

Does someone know how the Mexican government called other countries (Lebanon, Turkey, Syria, etc.) in the late 19th/early 20th century?

Is there someone from Lebanon that recognizes Scharton/Scharbon (I guess the public servant spell it wrong)?

I don't know if it helps, but some of the last names of the people involved are Faisal, Salum, and Assad.

Thanks!

back in the early 1900s/late 1890s (time not to scale) when the horse was still popular for transport but urbanization was in full swing... what did people who rode horses to work for long full time work do with their horses?

like, sure, hitching post or stable... but 8~12 hours of work? That'd be pretty boring for the horse. So, I wanna know what's up... this is beyond the scope of my imaginings.

Is there any context for the lyric: "Rush Limbaugh autograph her left titty"? This lyric was in a De La Soul song called Watch Out (released 2001). Is there any historical context for this, or is it just nonsense?

Are there any books or resources that people would recommend on teaching History in UK secondary schools generally or, better yet, within Scottish schools specifically?

Any book recommendations on Pre-Columbian Warfare in North America? Anything in general, though Plains warfare would be a particular interest, and how comparable it is to Asiatic Steppe warfare in terms of logistical concerns and what "solutions" there were for it.

I am not entirely sure whether this should be asked here or in a literature/poetry subreddit, but do we know anything about the writer W. J. Turner's sexuality? When I read his poem Romance, the 5th and 6th paragraphs seemed a bit homoerotic but I am not sure this is just my own interpretation, or due to changing gender norms, or if there is something to the text itself.

What African religions were common before the 1700's?

What was the largest Japanese city during the Sengoku period?

Burnt to death in the court of Charles IX

These two passages seem to be based on the same incident. I can’t find any record of it? Did it actually happen?

From Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Notebook

The strange incident in the court of Charles IX. of France: he and five other maskers being attired in coats of linen covered with pitch and bestuck with flax to represent hairy savages. They entered the hall dancing, the five being fastened together, and the king in front. By accident the five were set on fire with a torch. Two were burned to death on the spot, two afterwards died; one fled to the buttery, and jumped into a vessel of water.

From Edgar Alan Poe’s short story Hop Frog.

I will equip you as ourang-outangs," proceeded the dwarf; "leave all that to me. The resemblance shall be so striking, that the company of masqueraders will take you for real beasts -- and of course, they will be as much terrified as astonished." The king and his ministers were first encased in tight-fitting stockinet shirts and drawers. They were then saturated with tar. At this stage of the process, some one of the party suggested feathers; but the suggestion was at once overruled by the dwarf, who soon convinced the eight, by ocular demonstration, that the hair of such a brute as the ourang-outang was much more efficiently represented by flax. A thick coating of the latter was accordingly plastered upon the coating of tar.

Are there any examples of historical artifacts that were specifically created for future historians (and that we know were meant for future historians)? What kind of value do/would these present to us?

In other words, have we found any historical time capsules? What did we learn from them?

What do historians do to preserve history as it happens? Many events like WWII or the Gulf War happened during living memory. How do historians contemporary to those events preserve records, accounts, or other evidence? (The last few years, and days, have been quite interesting too. I’d be interested in that as well, but that may interfere with the 20yr rule.)

I took a few courses on Roman and greek religion in undergrad, but I have sonce become quite interested in proto-indo-european religion. I was wondering what would be a good launching point to explore the field as a whole before diving into some of the sub-fields?

Thanks

What did it mean in Medieval Europe for a country to be a “Papal Fief”?

Book and article reccomendations on the anthroprocene? I attended a seminar at my university and the topic gripped me as both socially relevant and academically fascinating. I am a history student currently writing my bachelors, so academic language and tone is no obstacle.

Did Wilhelm II have a coronation? And when did the coronation go from a necessary ritual to confirm kingship to an optional ceremony?

This started as just the second question but when I went to confirm that Willy didn't have one, like how Napoleon III didn't, I found a single image of his alleged coronation, but I actually think it's him opening parliament.

Anyway, there seemingly has been a transition. Empress Matilda isn't a canonical Queen Regnant of England because she never had the coronation despite being the named heir and ruling (half) the kingdom.

For centuries Kings of Germany battled to have their coronations in Aachen and Rome to confirm the imperial title. Yet Charles V was the last pope crowned Emperor, the rest just having the title upon election.

The way things are going, Elizabeth II is going to be the last of the great coronations.

Why is the term 'oblast' used in former Soviet countries rather than 'state' or 'province' like other counties?

In other countries around the world, the primary political organization subdivision below country is usually state or province but in former Soviet countries the name 'oblast' is generally used in English.

For context, the question came to me while reading reports about current events Ukraine. Since the naming convention seems to persist from at least the Soviet era, the answer would seem to lie beyond the 20 year minimum rule for questions on this sub.

Why is the Battle of Hastings considered such a historical milestone? I feel like if you look at a timeline of world history they always include this battle as if it was of epic proportions.

What is the earliest war form which we still have living veterans?

Do you have any entertaining books on the history of Rome?

Are any of the individuals Knight by King George or Edward or Edward still alive?

What did Thomas Paine mean when he mentioned the 'Turkish church'?

"I do not believe in the creed professed by the Jewish church, by the Roman church, by the Greek church, by the Turkish church, by the Protestant church, nor by any church that I know of. My own mind is my own church.

All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian, or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power and profit."

My first instinct was Islam since he also mentioned the phrase Jewish church, although that would come across as an illogical choice of words (I'm not the only one to have contemplated this). Admittedly, he could have also been referring to a Turkish branch of Christianity.

Is there any genuine indication of what he was referring to?

Did the F-82 (twin Mustang) have hand cranked landing gear?

A bit of an odd question but my friend and I were wondering and can't seem to find an answer

Were there any cases of multiples (twins, triplets, etc.) raised as the same person? If so, what were their names?

Who are some prominent figures of history whose parents were first cousins?

Hi, I'm having a sort of Mandela Effect. I remember being taught in H.S. U.S. history, that after the Mexican American war, a prominant American from that war was murdered in Mexico while visiting. I for some reason always believed this was Sam Houston, but it turns out he lived a long healthy life. Did I remember wrong? Did this even take place? I tried using keywords in a google seaech but nothing comes up so I feel like I might be misremembering.

What’s a historical example of a corrupt institution that was turned around/cleaned up without having to burn it all down and start over?

Is there a name or concept for when things historically appear out of step with the era they’re in? Examples I have thought of are: Teddy Roosevelt being present for the funeral procession of Lincoln, Russia not having the wheel until Peter the Great, Queen Elizabeth II having shaken Churchill’s hand and also lived through the era of social media. I hope I’m describing this well, I’m by no means an expert and am just very interested in this idea and would love to read/watch more about it.

What did the phrase "slept with" mean in 1860s America - besides the obvious? I know "made love" meant "flirt" in the 1800s. I'm guessing that this article where an informant (M) slept with a suspect (M) means something far tamer than sex or it wouldn't have made it into the Chicago Tribune in 1860. Thanks.

Clip of Article

When the Holy Roman Empire was at its largest territorial extent, mid 13th century. Do we have any idea how large its army could be?

This is a difficult simple question as how medieval armies were always in flux and there was always the Trinity of conflict between the Emperor, The Princes, and the Papacy but is there any estimate of the combined military of the Empire?

How much responsibility of the post-WWII military drawdown did Truman have compared to Louis Johnson? How much did possessing the bomb play into the decision? What impact did Dean Acheson have opposing this move (impact on Truman, Johnson or other)?

What’s the best book about Sam Rayburn?

What are some good academic books on the 5th century Roman Empire? I want to avoid pop history that focuses on "barbarians" pillaging the west, so I don't mind anything rigorous.

Also looking for anything on the Gothic Wars/Lombard invasion of Italy.

What would serve as an equivalent of "news" to Europeans as to what was going on in the American colonies? How would the average English or Spanish citizen know of rebellions, explorations, Indian raids, piracy, etc. during the 16th to 18th centuries?

What are some "Stone Age" tools that people living at that time could have invented, but didn't?

Could subjects of 19th century British Empire overseas claim British citizenship if they came? Like, could an Indian/Malayan person come to Britain and become a British citizen? I imagine it'd be easier for them than foreign countries, but was it as simple as just... being citizens, or was there a process?

What are the good books on 9/11, from the first plane hit until the rubble was cleared?

Is there any literature before the 19th century that features the beauty-makeover or ugly ducking transformation concept? Maybe Greek or Medieval mythology?

I'm essentially looking for folklore that revolves around a "glow-up" before the 1843 Ugly Duckling tale.

What were the cham names for the champa cities, only thing I can find are Viet, Chinese and Indian names.

If a city-state were to be attacked, which method would be better: facing the incoming army on the battlefield or preparing for a seige? I'm writing a story involving late medieval warfare and would like to keep it as close to nonfictional as possible, so any articles similar to this would be greatly appreciated.

When was the last proven time in history in which muskets/flintlocks were used in combat?

Following the fall of the Roman Empire, why did so many regional lords choose to institute a class of nobility who permanently ruled rather than less independent governorships?

What are the oldest known exact dates for events happening, that can be traced back thru historic logs? I asked this on other sub without mention of logs and responses were overwhelmed by eclipse counting which is scientific method. I'm more interested in how far can we go back and trust that the words written in logs are reliable enough information. My assumption is that it'll be dates of important people being born or dying but is that all of it and how far back can we go?

What are the best films to watch regarding the British Empire?

When did humans decide to use solstices and equinoxes to separate the seasons?

Is the Archduchy of Austria the only Archduchy to have existed?

I'm aware of how the Dukes of Austria forged a charter combining all their various duchies into a single Archduchy with the same rights as the Electors, which was later confirmed by the Emperor when the Habsburgs came to power.

So they more or less made the title up, however I can't find if any other archduchy was formed within or without the Empire, making "Archduke" a purely Habsburg title (I know the King of Spain has "Archduke of Austria" amongst his current titles)

I tried to research this on my own but I'm always redirected to Austria.

I have a question about medieval England history. Can anyone tell me what the icon on this lady's chest is

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Pole,_Countess_of_Salisbury#/media/File:Icon_of_blessed_margaret_pole.jpg)

It is looking like consisting of a bleeding heart, with surrounding arms and feet.

Years ago, I saw a similar icon(or coat of arm) banner in the historical fiction television series, The Tudors. On the third season, episode 07, people in the drama are calling it "Royal banner of Plantagenet".

But I can't find more information about that banner on google by typing "Royal banner of Plantagenet". I don't know whether it is really the flag of Plantagenet or not.

Can anyone help me?

How were Hunter-Gatherer Societies organized? Were they gerontocracies, or something like a stratocracy?

Correct me if I'm wrong but, why did Imperial Russia get less authoritarian as it industrialized?

It seems like it did to me, but I could be wrong. Also, if I am right, why didn't this happen in Mexico? I mean, sure the porfiriato lead to the Mexican revolution, which did create in name a democratic Mexico but it wasn't very democratic for long, soon the PRI monopolized power like Diaz & other elites had before, making Mexico no more democratic or less corrupt.

This one site I found (dont know if links are accepted here) http://www.worldfuturefund.org/Reports/Slavedeathtoll/slaverydeathtoll.html
Claims "DEATH TOLL FROM THE SLAVE TRADE 60 MILLION DEAD AT THE HANDS
OF WHITE CHRISTIAN IMPERIALISM". I'm aware that slaves reproduce bringing more slaves to the world. The site claims that these 60 million came not only from the middle passage, the deaths in africa but mainly from killings on american soil. Also claims to "christian" imperialism. Whats the truth to that?

Aljubarrota (1385) always stuck out to me as being a very odd scenario. I understand how the tactics allowed for victory , but it seems it should be talked about more imo

Any other battles at this time with the winning side having such smaller numbers?

When was the very first W-4 form released?

Would an English peasant in 400 AD still be speaking a dialect of brythonic?

The only eras I can think of being named for British monarchs are named after queens. We have the Elizabethan and Victorian eras, but I've never heard of a Georgian or Henrian era. I can't imagine now being called a Charlian era.

So my question is, are there eras named after kings that I don't know about? If not, why are eras only named after queens?

In Missouri in the 1920s, would it be normal for a man to use ‘southern’ phrases, such as “sweatin’ like a sinner in church” or “hold your horses”? Pretty random and simple question, but figured I’d ask.

Do we know whether or not the South Korean forces were responsible for more civilian casualties during the Korean war than the North?

I saw there is a nice FAQ page for answer to the usual suspects (Jared diamond, etc)

I didn't see Marvin Harris there. What is the historians views of his works? Let's say Cow, Pigs Wars and witches or Cannibals and Kings?

What civilizations have collapsed largely due to illness? (Other than the New World contact with smallpox).

What was the name of Gold, Silver, Bronze and Black smiths in the late antique and early middle ages Greater Iran. I know they called copper smiths saffar but that's where my knowledge ends.

when was the last time a major city was built?

How much political power does the Monarchy have in the UK? I had thought they were basically just figureheads for the past few decades? Why are some former colonies celebrating her death, was Queen Elizabeth the driving force behind colonialism?

I'm a Canadian leftist who's been watching the recent American descent into Fascism with fascination and horror. It occurs to me that there must be parallels with how many Austrians must have felt after Hitler took power in Germany. Is there a good book out there about how Austrians were feeling between 1933 and Anschluss?

(And yes, I know many Austrians were in favour of unification then. But I'm hoping to find a source that looks at the whole spectrum of opinions among all Austrians in that period.)

I am writing a historical novel which begins in August 1815. The main character is going to a team for a trip. Team members must be "daredevils" of different nationalities (rebels, partisans, revolutionaries, irregulars of armies of that time, like Cossacks). Who can these characters be, given this historical period?