In WW2 its mentioned how USA supported Russian war efforts with supplies, How did they get there? with germany controlling the west and japan in the east?
I hear how USA supplied Russia millions of boots, and plans for the now infamous URAL truck (maybe incorrect?) and basically money and funds for the war effort. how did these things get from USA to Russia? was everything flown over the north pole enmasse?
I hear it a lot, but the logistics seems quite the undertaking that I never hear explained or discussed.
There were three major routes: Allied convoys across the North Atlantic and Arctic to Murmansk (which often were attacked by Axis forces), supply lines through Iran (which was occupied by the British, Soviets and Americans for the duration of the war), and an air route and sea route across the northern Pacific. Japan maintained a very careful neutrality with the USSR until August 1945, and it did not interfere with Soviet shipping there.
I wrote more about the Pacific shipments here.
u/thefourthmaninaboat has more on the Arctic convoys here