What's the oldest living tradition of a song? We have things like the Seikilos epitaph that are very old, but to my knowledge, it hasn't been continuously known and sung by living people since its composition, it was rediscovered at some point. What song has been continuously passed down from one living mind to another for the longest? In any part of the world.

Is there a complete sentence in old english that is completely understanable/the same in modern english?

Would prefer if it is more than 4 words.

Russia claims 95% of Crimeans voted to become a part of Russia. When in history has any cohort voted so singularly on an issue?

I’ve tried Googling this, but obviously no results. Is it not virtually impossible for any population to vote so singularly on an issue? A higher percentage of people believe the world is flat.

Hello guys!

So I was binging through the Byzantium and Friends podcast by A. Kaldellis - a Byzantinist whose research I respect tremendously - and in one of the episodes (which I heard about a week ago and today, to my incredible frustration, couldn't identify after 3 hours of diligent searching through them) he mentioned something quite intriguing.

Apparently, there was a Byzantine Emperor who episodically tried to experiment with the idea of the Emperor of the Romans being spiritually an adopted son of God but abandoned it almost immediately. Any ideas about the primary source or some more literature for this? It would interest me as the Romans already had imperial cults before and the idea of Deo coronatus throughout the entire Middle Ages.

I seem to recall prof. Kaldellis saying it was either Constantine IV or Constantine VI and specifying the council as one of the ecumenical ones but my memory might be murky.

I'll be super glad for any help.

Thanks!

Who was the legally richest person in the Soviet Union?

Apart from the corruption, there was a limited permission for the private property in different economic phases of the USSR. Who was the legally richest person in the Soviet Union for each different economic phases? Like who was the person with most legal private property in early USSR, during the Stalin period, during the time until the Perestroika, and during the Perestroika etc.

Where does the quote "knowledge unfits a man to be a slave" by Fredrick Douglass come from? I can't find if it's from a speech or book or just a general quote and was wondering where it's from so I can properly quote and source it in my essay that I am writing

Has there ever been a British monarch who swore in a PM before being formally coronated? Did those monarchs become King/Queen during that PM's tenure or before it started? I was thinking about how Liz Truss's successor will be sworn in before Charles III is formally coronated and I was wondering if that has happened before

A number of countries have a personification of a "Regular Joe" and apparently Germany's person is Michael.

Where do these names come from?

What are some exciting archives we are looking forward to being released in the near future (such as Twain’s 100 year rule, or the Jacqueline Onassis papers) whether they are political or society related?

In the movie The Lighthouse Robert Pattinson's character casually drops a Moby Dick reference, referring to Willem Defoe's character as "Cap'n Ahab" in some way (I forgot the exact phrasing). Would a logger-turned-lighthousekeeper really drop such a reference in 1890s New England? And would this be understood?

What is the origins of "The Black Knight" a dangerous mysterious foe without name or charge or fealty.

And would such an Unknown Knight be tolerated by any realm?

I’ve just read “Seeking Order in a tumultuous age” by David Robinson, I was wondering if there is a few recommended books for the founding of the Ming dynasty?

Hi all!
I have a quick question - what would be a common find archaeologists discover in Egypt? Preferably something that would look like something big at first but turns out to be not enough to get financing for the next season? (writing a book, and need a small detail that doesn't get a lead scientist his next season, trying to be as true-to-reality as possible)

How is Marc Morris’s The Anglo-Saxons: A History of the Beginnings of England?

What is the origin of the question “who is buried in Grant’s Tomb?”

I'm looking for any possible sources on the life of Irish Gaels (both noble and common if possible) from the middle ages up to the modern period.

I've read quite a few Irish history books at this stage, and I find that most cover the political affairs, wars, religious matters, etc at the time, while I've not found a single one that tries to explain in any detail what everyday life was like for Gaels in any detail. (I would imagine this is because there's a much less detailed record available, but surely some attempts have been made?)

I'm interested in topics like what farming practices they used, what their diets were, their pastimes, their clothes, what their settlements looked like, etc. A particular focus on the contrast between Gaels, 'Old English' in Ireland, and English settlers would be very nice. I am interested to see just how long a unique, distinct Gaelic culture survived.

For reference, a list of some of the books I have already read:

1. Micheal Richter, 'Medieval Ireland: The Enduring Tradition'
2. Sean Connolly, 'Divided Kingdom'
3. Senia Paseta, 'Modern Ireland: A Very Short Introduction'
4. Aidan Doyle, 'A History of the Irish Language: From Norman Invasion to Independence'
5. Diarmait Mac Giolla Chríost, 'The Irish Language in Ireland: From Goídel to Globalisation'

Many states, towns, cities, and counties in the US are named after Native American groups, or at least make reference to them or their languages. Why is this the case when there were often antagonistic feelings (or downright genocidal actions) between the white Americans creating these places and the natives they replaced?

Does anyone have any early Shepard's Pie recipes? Thanks

Who are some of your guys favorite historical “rebels” that you think more people should know about?

Has a large cavalry force ever snuck up undetected and charged on a full sized army like Hollywood has so often lead us to believe?

I’ve noticed so many Hollywood films have the hero’s saved in battle at the last minute by a massive surprise cavalry charge from an allied force. I always wonder if any real historical army would be able to sneak up undetected by enemy scouts. Has there ever been any good examples of this happening in real life?

How, when or why did the term "backwater" came to be associated with an underdeveloped or faraway place?

Why did Los Angeles use 240 V in its streetlamps while other cities went with 120 V, and were there any other cities that did this?

In the movie Lincoln (2012) Lincoln says during a meeting with Alexander Stephens "If we submit ourselves to law, Alex, even submit to losing freedoms the freedom to oppress, for instance, we may discover other freedoms previously unknown to us."

I find this sentence quite well written and beautiful. When I search for it on Google I only find reference to the movie though. So is it an invention or an actual sentence that Lincoln said or wrote?

Thanks in advance!

During the War of the Roses, how would Richard III actually be address as when he was still Duke of Gloucester? Would be called ‘Gloucester’, ‘Lord Gloucester’ or something entirely different?

Hello I’m looking a book series in French, called: Histoire du peuple Anglais from Élie Halévy. Could you know where can I buy it?

What was the major source of income for governments before income taxes?

Looking for an interesting non-fiction book about the Middle Ages in Europe. Open to anything! Preferably a readable one for the general public. (I’ve already looked through the sidebar.)

Do we have any info on how many slaves were killed while enslaved in America? And also the number of people killed during the capture in Africa.

What are some resources and/or jumping off points for researching different stone masonry techniques in 19th century America? Ideally looking to understand how(maybe if) masonry work changes in infrastructure/public works/architecture post emancipation.

Any book recommendations on the "great awakening" of the 1700s, and any influence that might have had on the american revolution?

When did the roman civil war start?

Roman law forbid that a general entered the city before his triumph. From outside the city pompey who had just returned from the third mithridatic war and not yet had paraded through the capital sent a request to the Senate that they may do him the favor of putting the consulship election down and that he may be allowed to personally assist piso in the election

Cato with his utmost boldness, successfully denied these and pompey got so impressed that cato stood alone against the senate in the name of roman tradition that he tried to bring him to his side by asking his two nieces hands, one to himself and the other for his son

Cato saw this alliance as a device to corrupt him, but his wife and sister took ill that he wanted to reject it. Meanwhile, pompey decided to promote his most favorite legate for the consulship instead and all the tribes eagerly accepted this corruption. And the legend says that from this day onwards the so honored election was no more honored but completely corrupt and also its said that it was in this same year that the civil war started because of the creation of the triumvirate

Plutarch

What was it about Haile Selassie that made Rastafaris believe he was the second coming of Jesus?

Did in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance national borders work as they do today or were there differences? Did you have to go through checkpoints or could you enter without doing so? What happened in that case? Could the king or lord of the place have the people in question killed or imprisoned?

What's the earliest visual depiction of Jesus Christ?

What were the ranks like in the English New Model Army?

I'm trying to remember the name/details of this Russian saint icon used to motivate soldiers during the Tsardom.

Like the Russian Orthodox version of a Carroccio

It was a large image that was brought to battlefield(s) to boost morale; called like "Saint Elussia of ___" or "The Holy Mother of ___"

I'm pretty sure the specific icon I'm thinking of was female.

It may be that it was only brought out to a battle once because it was so sacred (hence also why it had such an impact on the troops)

In which reddit should I ask this question:

I recently saw a t-shirt. On the back was "Those who kneel before God can stand up to anyone" -- that's from Ephesians. The rest of the shirt is a puzzle. On the back, between the verse, is a Templar knight (or is it "knight Templar?"). On the sleeve was the hilt of a broken sword next to the numeral XII.

1. What is the story with sword and the numerals?
2. Is this iconography associated with any current political movements?

Edit 3: How would it be to go up to someone wearing this shirt and say, "Oh, yeah, you can stand up to anyone except King Philip IV! Amirite?"

Which state of America was the left leaning in the 1960s? What about the 1980s?

I have been reading a book about the New England colonies, and they mentioned how one became a province. What is the difference between a colony and a province?

In reading about the sinking of the German battleship Bismarck in 1941, it stuck out to me that the British ships have a naming convention like HMS = His Majesty's Ship (e.g. HMS Hood), but the Bismarck had no such convention.

This is also true for a few other navies: USS = United States Ship, HMAS = His Majesty's Australian Ship, SAS = South African Ship, etc.

But most of the examples I know of are former British colonies (and also Portugal, for some reason). How common is this naming convention, and what is its origin? Is it rooted in British naval tradition, or something else? (This might deserve its own post depending on how complicated the answer is)

Who was the first person born in the United States? All I'm getting from Google is Virgina Dare but that was pre declaration of independence. I want an official first natural born us citizen

What are the recorded death sentences in human history for the most futile motives (judged by our current morale)?

The Duchy of Swabia was a vital stem Duchy and the birthplace of many Imperial dynasties and yet ceased to exist in the 14th century, and despite a short lived Habsburg revival, Swabia never returned.

During the "mediatisation" of the HRE or when Napoleon was playing in Germany, was there any attempt to rebuild Swabia? Instead of a King of Württemberg, a King of Swabia?

Is the historian Paul B. Sturtevant considered to be a reputable historian? An example of his writing and work can be found here: https://www.publicmedievalist.com/ma-popular-imagination/

Was the Chinese intervention in Korea expected?