In ASOIAF, bastard children born to royalty are given common surnames depending on the region indicating that they are illegitimate children. Is this any real life historical example of this practice?

by victoryofsamothrace
gynnis-scholasticus

I can recommend some earlier answers like this one by u/mimicofmodes focusing on the Regency period, and some older ones like this by a now-deleted user and this by u/Aeralla