What art medium were old 1910-1960s US propaganda posters done in? Looking at wwi and WWII posters, as well as classic pinup posters.

What was the printing method (ex. silkscreen, lithography, etc.)? And, what medium was the original drawing/painting done in?

Google Art project failed me with a simple "poster" as the identified type of printing.

The types of posters I'm looking at are:

"We can do it!" Aka Rosey Riveter.

"I want YOU for the army" https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/i-want-you-for-the-u-s-army-u-s-army-and-flagg-james-montgomery-1877-1960/IwHY80Sj-w2-Ww

I’ve heard from theatre people that Shakespeare plays are way too long to actually produce without cutting content. Assuming Shakespeare’s editors/colleagues/reconstructors didn’t add hours of extra lines, how long did it take to see a Shakespeare play at the Globe?

Stonehenge has been called Stonehenge for a long time, since the 12th century at least. But nowadays many a wise-ass knows Stonehenge "isn't a true henge, because it doesn't have a moat". Since the word Stonehenge predates and even inspired this definition of henge, how did the henge come to be defined such that its most famous example was not a true henge?

Did hitler ever make any public statements about germania or how to improve the city of Berlin. OR any statements about city planning.thanks in advance.

Reposting since I never got an answer the last time I asked:

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It's often said by many who are ignorant on history that Hitler didn't/rarely killed people who were ethnic Germans. This is provably false: some of the first victims of Nazism were their domestic political enemies, the Nazis purged the party during The Night of the Long Knives, purged it again after Operation Valkyrie, and of course there were a litany of executions during the last weeks of the war. My question then is how many people exactly were both ethnic German and targeted by the Nazi regime? The only source I could find that gives even an estimate is RJ Rummel, who gives a figure of 288,000 Germans killed for purely political reasons and roughly 200,000 more killed for being Jewish, physically or mentally disabled, homosexual, etc. However I'm extremely wary of using RJ Rummel as a legitimate source given how sloppy and poor his research is at times. Does anyone know a realistic number of victims?

I work in Kingston Ontario Canada. The remains of a Fort (Fort Frontenac) that was built in 1673 are just outside my office. What type of people would have built this fort (not the architect but the workers)? Would they likely have emigrated from France, or been born around here? Would they have had any training or just been big guys who could carry heavy rocks?

Did the lower class own dogs in medieval times? Or were they granted permission to use them? Sorry for bothering with such a simple question, google is confusing about this one.

I found this map on Wikipedia which is a 1784 map of Kentucky as outlined by Daniel Boone. I'm wondering who the namesake of "Lincoln County" would have been at that time to be put up against Lafayette and Jefferson.

What is the oldest known 'thing' in human history? (Object- candle, clothing, sword, a bundle of sticks, a shield, a torch, etc)?

What is the earliest known visual depiction of Jesus Christ?

Are there any "biased" histories/biographies which make for a great read? Interested in the period from 1960s onwards.

When I think of old-timey Paris, there's a very specific set of images I think of Eiffel tower, man in striped shirt on a bicycle, cafes with red and white tableclothes, people smoking Gitanes, and someone playing a concertina, probably wearing a beret. I don't think I'm the only one to think of this sort of scene (examples below). Roughly what year is this era being depicted? And why is this the standard image of paris?

Example one (slight spoilers for bioshock infinte): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GydRfy9KHY0

Also as depicted in any of the "Madeline" series of books or in the movie "Hugo"

When did living in the mountains shift from being undesirable to extremely desirable? I read a while back that mountains were traditionally not appreciated by many urbanites for several reasons, which is where the stereotype of mountain people or hillbillies comes from.

Most mountainous regions in the US and Canada are highly sought after, and property values are insane. When did this shift happen? When did the ultra-rich start buying secluded mountain properties?

I’m looking for a history podcast beyond those typically suggested (eg History Hit, Tides of History, the Reddit one). Any suggestions?

How expensive were different types glass in medieval times, specifically around the year 1300? How common would glass bottles, and cups be, if they existed at all, and would a peasant have access to them? What about a tradesperson?

Were there any calls to redeploy federal troops to the South to end Jim Crow?

I read that the papyrus containing the Tale of the Doomed Prince is missing the ending because it was burn in an explosion. Has any progress been made in figuring out what the true ending was?

Do the terms "empire" or "emperor" have any specific definitions within the study of history or certain "schools" of academic research? Is there something that distinguishes them from other forms of monarchy besides the words?

I know in the HRE it was connected to being crowned by the pope and in the German Empire it distinguished the Kaiser from the other kings of the federated monarchies, but those points don't really work for the Britsh empire or the Japanese emperor.

Hello! I am looking for a source or someone who could give me a list of as many medieval ranks, titles, professions, jobs and administrative roles(specifically administrative roles which do not require a rank of nobility would be appreciated).

Any book about modern history of UK ? I read A history of Modern Britain, which is not my style. I want to find a book which introduces brief history of modern UK, more focus on critical event and the connection to nowadays. Thanks.

Who is the oldest known named artist with multiple surviving artworks?

Was there a medieval term similar to marksman or sharpshooter, someone who was very accurate with a bow?

What was the year counting system in the Julian calendar before the Anno Domini system was put into use?

How exactly did the Black Death end?

Did the number of cases fall below a certain threshold for a given amount of time?

When do we see the beginning of written record keeping in the Indian subcontinent?

I recall reading somewhere that the city of Baoshan, China, was the last large settlement(over 100k people) on the mainland to fall to CCP forces and remain in KMT hands. Is this true? When did it fall?

What color primer did Germany use before painting the Stahlhelm during WW2?

I'm trying to paint a scale model of a WW2 German soldier and want to give the helmet a weathered look by chipping the helmet so it shows the primer underneath the top layer of paint.

Google tells me that German vehicles were primed using Red Oxide primer. Was this also the case with Stahlhelms? If not, are there any records of the color of the primer they used?

Does a photo of Lenin, Stalin and Trotsky in the same room exist? Thanks in advance.

I recall reading in a credible history book that the Russian Revolution was, in part, financed by German operatives. But then I also remember reading that this historical tidbit was based on forged paperwork. So, which is it?

I would like to read a biography on W. E. B. Du Bois. Any recommendation?

Among others, there are Horne's, Lewis' (winner of the Pulitzer Prize in history, which tbh makes me worry given how superficial many of the winners seem to be), Manning's, Mullen's (which seems to be political cherry-picking? Not necessarily an insult)... plus his three autobiographies. A lot of material to choose from. (As much as I admire the man, I don't really feel the need to become an expert on him when there are so many other individuals to learn about too)

Were the lands held by dukes named arbitrarily, or were they named after the family name of the duke in power?

Was Mount Rushmore created to name the "top 4 presidents of all time"?

A lot of people these days use "Mt Rushmore" to talk about who the top 4 of all time are in a particular category, especially in sports and hip hop. But I have a suspicion that people are falsely equating Mt. Rushmore to being the greatest 4 of all time. At the end of the day I don't know because I'm not American.

A few years ago, in my first years of high school, I remember that a professor took us to the multimedia room and showed us a documentary on Nazism. A large portion of the video showed very explicit content from the experiments and autopsies. There were also autopsies of newborns. Many of my classmates were disgusted by those scenes and at that point the professor preferred to stop watching.

This story dates back to at least 2008, although I don't remember exactly the year. Some time ago, I searched the internet to find that documentary but I never found anything like it. Was I unable to find the video material or was it fake footage? Honestly, the videos seemed real to me, but at the same time I don't think my teacher had the only existing copy of those videos.

PS. sorry if I didn't write well, I'm Italian and I only know English at school level.

what are some good historical examples of religious/doctrinal discussions that were garbed political/economic controversies?

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I get from works like Michael Bonner's “Poverty and Economics in the Qur’an,” that religious language has been exapted for economic and political discussions especially in premodern times. Any good anthologies, cases, or authors discussing this?

Have "Felony" and "Misdemeanor" always been labels for offenses in the US? When were those distinctions introduced?

In Paul Revere’s official recounting of his ride to Lexington, he quotes a British officer as saying “G-d d-n” as well as “by G-d sir” I know some Jewish people censor the word “God” but Revere was Anglican, so why would he chose to censor it this way?

I have a grandparent who served in WWII and supposedly participated in the cleanup of Bergen Belsen concentration camp. I have his rank, birthday, enlistment and discharge dates, and (one of?) the units he was associated with. Is there any easy way to confirm the part about Bergen Belsen?

When researching a topic on the internet is there any way to limit google (or other) search results to articles that mention a particular time period?

For example: I want to know the history of tulips in the 1800s. I'm happy to read web pages about the 1800s that were written in 2020. But I don't want pages written in 2020 about tulips in 2020. And I don't want to know about tulipmania in the 1600s.

Is it really a coincidence that the founder of the Germans is named “Mannus,” and the founder of the Indians named “Manu”?

I saw footage of the British Army in Burma using mules to transport supplies. The mules were wearing a chain veil over their eyes. Can anyone tell me what these veils were called and why they were used?

Edit: donkeys to mules.

Was it possible to make coke (the refined fuel) in medieval times? If so how would one do it? When was it discovered how to make it and what were the first methods/method? What did they use it for?

This is an extremely niche question but I figured I'd ask here just to see if anyone might know the answer.

This question should be looked at in the lens of medieval (around 1200s-1300s) England, and the event transcribed here relates to how a situation like this would play out if real-world principles were applied to this fictional scenario.

There are two opposing political parties in a Duchy- one of them is led by a city clerk and known as the Burgher Party, and wishes to bring more power into the hands of the merchant elite of the city whereas the other political party is known as the Traditionalist Party, and is led by the Duchy's marshal who aims to combat the Burgher Party and keep power in the hands of the Duke.

I figure that 'Conservative' would be the best way to describe the Traditionalist Party, though I'm not too sure how I would go about describing the political stance of the Burgher Party. I would say that 'Progressive' would be the best word, but would that apply to a situation where the Burgher Party simply wished to bring more power to the nobility and artisan classes?

Whenever historians or political scientists discuss superstates, as far as I can see, there seems to be an antiquated usage where the term is applied to the UN or even any regional supranational organization, then there are many hypothetical or fictional examples, and as far as possible examples of actual extant real-world superstates go, the USA are discussed as an example, and then finally the EU is sometimes considered a possible superstate, although it is also often called so metaphorically.

But these discussions blatantly ignore the - to me - most obvious exemplification of the term's intensive definition, the Soviet Union. It is never mentioned. Why do historians not consider the Soviet Union an example of an s.?

I'm trying to look up a piece of historical art that is on the tip of my tongue, but I can't remember it well enough to to google it. I believe it was an old European woodblock print which showed common causes of death through a person's life. You see figures walking from left to right of the print, starting with a child and ending with an old man, and they're showing the different illnesses or accidents that are likely to kill at the different ages (including infant illness, musket, old age illness, etc...) I think I remember it showing up in a math textbook as an "early example of actuarial science", although in retrospect that sounds like a dubious claim so I may be misremembering the attribution. Is this ringing a bell for anybody?

How did English knights differ from French knights? I found one similar question asked but it primarily focused on Hungary.

What are the best sources to identify the exact path taken by Napoleon during the War of the Second Coalition? I want to make a plan tk home as many as possible.

Many sources talk in general terms with some big, curving arrows, but that isn’t specific enough to map a route.

I can do English, German or Russian. It would be a lie to say that I read French, but if there really is nothing else, I can sort of muddle through and piece together the basics.

Thank you!

When were axes first hung with a wedge, instead of friction-fit (i.e. like a tomahawk)? When did the former overtake the latter in popularity?

I'm trying to summarize esoteric Platonism for high school freshmen. Does this work as a summary? Is there something I'm missing?

• Monotheistic: Goal is union with “the One [God].”

• Esoteric: To get to union with “the One [God],” you pay teachers for secret mystical phrases. Only the wealthy could afford this. Very few have a chance.

• Dualist: Love only spirit, hate the body.

Can anyone recommend good sources for historical timelines? I know people criticize memorizing dates, but when I have dates memorized, it’s easier for me to recall related and more detailed information.

What does the "623-70" at the bottom right from this photograph from The Invisible Man (1933) mean?

Link to the image: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0024184/mediaviewer/rm2645609472?ref_=ttmi_mi_all_sf_2

Does anyone know where I could find the original first 5 year plan (1928-1932) document? I'm trying to find about the expected outputs in the plan and the actual final outputs but even in books about the economy of the Soviet Union all I find about it's the 5 year plan discussed in general or in an episodic manner, not the actual figures item for item (steel, coal, oil, electricity, shoes, etc).

Hello. I'm looking for a conflict in history between 4 nations or alliances to simulate in a very simple way for an university project. The requirement is about it not becoming a 2vs2 or a 3vs1, but instead a fight free-for-all where anyone could attack anyone. The ideal result would be something like the Three Kingdoms, but with four competitors. Smaller examples are also welcome, as is every kind of conflict that didn't result in a total war.

What’s the oldest specific artifact written about which we still have? I don’t mean like a general category of cups being written about and us finding cups but specifically something like a Crown or Scepter. For example if any of the Bronze Age manuscripts describe specific idols or a chariot of a specific king found in their graves or a gift given by another king we found specifically

Hey everyone,

I'm searching for a definition of "Commercial empire" or "Empire of commerce" or "Commercial imperialism"

Context 19th American Pacific.

I'm guessing it means opening up trading posts in untapped markets?

Edit: Guys, I found this

What are some interesting battles / struggles for royal succession ?

Interested in stuff similar to “House of the Dragon” tv show

Hello!

We all know about famous conflicts with high death tolls: WW2, the Manchu conquest of China, the Taiping Revolution, the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Three Kingdoms War, the Mongol invasions and so on.

We also have famous battles: running from August 23, 1942 to February 2, 1943, Stalingrad led to 633,000 battle deaths (not to mention the civilian deaths), the Battle of the Frontiers and even a few ancient ones like the Battle of Carrhae.

All these have had a terrible death toll, but they have taken place over various different lengths of time, so it is hard to say how fast the various sides lost fighters.

If we factor in the time it took for the battle or conflict to take place, what are some examples of extremely high deaths per time unit? For example, we may measure this in deaths/minute, or something similar.