How many people would go to college and would that guarantee them a "good" job?
How competitive were university admissions- was there an equivalent of someone graduating from a mid-tier CS school and moving to San Fransisco and making a fortune.
How much more would a graduate earn than a generic laborer?
You might be in this answer from u/AyeBraine to the question "How did you get a job in the USSR?"
One thing I would draw out of that answer is that "good" jobs had a lot to do with location and/or benefits like housing (or access to better quality goods and services). While there were pay differentials/income differences, the scales I've seen used are from "Under 75 rubles a month" for households to "Over 200 rubles a month", and these were as much determined by region as by occupation (ie, a third of Estonians were over 200, two-thirds of Tajiks were under 75). Anyway, even if you could amass a lot of cash (and the first Soviet ruble millionaire was Artyom Tarasov in 1989) there were limits on what you could spend that money on, as I describe here. A "good" job often had as much to do with connections and the economy of favors as it did with overt qualifications and pay.