Both Italy and Japan were split into separate domains for a long time, which assisted in the growth of their respective organised crime organisations. Germany was also fragmented into many separate tiny domains for a long time, but it does not have an equivalent to the Mafia and Yakuza. Why is that?
(Of course organised crime does exist in Germany as in all countries, but the question is about the culture of organised crime which is prevalent in Italy and Japan but not at all in Germany).
Thanks for any responses.
While Germany never had its own Mafia or Yakuza for a certain period it had something similar in form of Ringvereine:
"Ringvereine were officially chartered associations of ex-convicts which, on paper, provided mutual aid and promoted the cultural activities of their members. In reality, they promoted their members' criminal activities in various ways and acted as professional associations of criminals, which set and enforced rules and provided members with contacts, assistance and status. It is argued that the Ringvereine constitute a deviant case in the history of German organised crime, which otherwise has been characterised more by informal and fragmented offender structures embedded in deviant subculture."
The German underworld and the Ringvereine from the 1890s through the 1950s Arthur Hartmann & Klaus von Lampe